以及如何[使用 `CORSMiddleware` 处理 CORS](../tutorial/cors.md){.internal-link target=_blank}。

本章学习如何使用其它中间件。

## 添加 ASGI 中间件

因为 **FastAPI** 基于 Starlette，且执行 <abbr title="Asynchronous Server Gateway Interface，异步服务器网关界面">ASGI</abbr> 规范，所以可以使用任意 ASGI 中间件。

中间件不必是专为 FastAPI 或 Starlette 定制的，只要遵循 ASGI 规范即可。

总之，ASGI 中间件是类，并把 ASGI 应用作为第一个参数。

因此，有些第三方 ASGI 中间件的文档推荐以如下方式使用中间件：

```Python

   * cache then this is the timestamp of the original request.
   */
  @get:JvmName("sentRequestAtMillis") val sentRequestAtMillis: Long,
  /**
   * Returns a [timestamp][System.currentTimeMillis] taken immediately after OkHttp
   * received this response's headers from the network. If this response is being served from the

plugins {
  id("com.android.library")
  kotlin("android")
}

android {
  compileSdk = 34

  namespace = "okhttp.android.regression"

  defaultConfig {
    minSdk = 21
    targetSdk = 34

    // Make sure to use the AndroidJUnitRunner (or a sub-class) in order to hook in the JUnit 5 Test Builder
    testInstrumentationRunner = "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    testInstrumentationRunnerArguments += mapOf(

	s.RestartIAMSuite(c)
}

func (s *TestSuiteIAM) SetUpSuite(c *check) {
	// If etcd backend is specified and etcd server is not present, the test
	// is skipped.
	etcdServer := env.Get(EnvTestEtcdBackend, "")
	if s.withEtcdBackend && etcdServer == "" {
		c.Skip("Skipping etcd backend IAM test as no etcd server is configured.")
	}

	s.TestSuiteCommon.SetUpSuite(c)

	s.iamSetup(c)

	if s.withEtcdBackend {

  optional int64 observedGeneration = 1;

  // DisruptedPods contains information about pods whose eviction was
  // processed by the API server eviction subresource handler but has not
  // yet been observed by the PodDisruptionBudget controller.
  // A pod will be in this map from the time when the API server processed the
  // eviction request to the time when the pod is seen by PDB controller

See the [security policy](https://golang.org/security) for details.

The recommended way to file an issue is by running `go bug`.
Otherwise, when filing an issue, make sure to answer these five questions:

1. What version of Go are you using (`go version`)?
2. What operating system and processor architecture are you using?
3. What did you do?
4. What did you expect to see?

utilize a versão com `Annotated` se possível.

///

```Python hl_lines="13-14"
{!> ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial008c.py!}
```

////

Neste caso, o cliente irá ver uma resposta *HTTP 500 Internal Server Error* como deveria acontecer, já que não estamos levantando nenhuma `HTTPException` ou coisa parecida, mas o servidor **não terá nenhum log** ou qualquer outra indicação de qual foi o erro. 😱

            if (!result.isEmpty()) {
                delete(userDN, adminEnv);
            } else {
                logger.info("{} does not exist in LDAP server.", user.getName());
            }
        });

    }

    public void insert(final Role role) {
        if (!fessConfig.isLdapAdminEnabled()) {
            return;
        }

     * hashes (meaning negotiated via NTLM HTTP Authentication) and the other does not they will not be equal. This is
     * technically not correct however the server 8 byte challenge would be required to compute and compare the password
     * hashes but that it not available with this method.
     */
    @Override
    public boolean equals ( Object obj ) {

	}

	if err := target.send(eventData); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// Delete the event from store.
	return target.store.Del(key)
}

// Close - closes underneath connections to NSQD server.
func (target *NSQTarget) Close() (err error) {
	close(target.quitCh)
	if target.producer != nil {
		// this blocks until complete:
		target.producer.Stop()
	}
	return nil
}