/* jcifs msrpc client library in Java
 * Copyright (C) 2007  "Michael B. Allen" <jcifs at samba dot org>
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

/* jcifs smb client library in Java
 * Copyright (C) 2000  "Michael B. Allen" <jcifs at samba dot org>
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

Sie können mehrere `File`- und `Form`-Parameter in einer *Pfadoperation* deklarieren, aber Sie können nicht auch `Body`-Felder deklarieren, die Sie als JSON erwarten, da der Body des <abbr title="Request – Anfrage: Daten, die der Client zum Server sendet">Request</abbr> mittels `multipart/form-data` statt `application/json` kodiert sein wird.

Das ist keine Limitation von **FastAPI**, sondern Teil des HTTP-Protokolls.

///

## Zusammenfassung { #recap }

{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial001_py310.py hl[2,12,15:18] *}

/// tip

Notice that the testing functions are normal `def`, not `async def`.

And the calls to the client are also normal calls, not using `await`.

This allows you to use `pytest` directly without complications.

///

/// note | Technical Details

You could also use `from starlette.testclient import TestClient`.

### Standard Test Setup

```java
@BeforeClass
public static void beforeClass() {
    runner = new OpenSearchRunner();
    runner.build(newConfigs().clusterName("TestCluster").numOfNode(1));
    client = runner.client();
}

@Before
public void before() {
    runner.admin().indices().prepareDelete("_all").execute().actionGet();
}

@AfterClass
public static void afterClass() {
    runner.close();

                || "ldap.admin.security.credentials".equals(key) //
                || "spnego.preauth.password".equals(key) //
                || "app.cipher.key".equals(key) //
                || "oic.client.id".equals(key) //
                || "oic.client.secret".equals(key);
    }

    /**
     * Gets a list of items relevant for bug reports.
     *
     * @return list of bug report items
     */

請先建立[虛擬環境](../virtual-environments.md)、啟用它，然後安裝 `websockets`（一個讓你更容易使用「WebSocket」通訊協定的 Python 套件）：

<div class="termy">

```console
$ pip install websockets

---> 100%
```

</div>

## WebSockets 用戶端 { #websockets-client }

### 在生產環境 { #in-production }

在你的生產系統中，你很可能有一個使用現代框架（如 React、Vue.js 或 Angular）建立的前端。

而為了透過 WebSockets 與後端通訊，你通常會使用前端的工具。

或者你可能有一個原生行動應用，使用原生程式碼直接與 WebSocket 後端通訊。

又或者你有其他任何方式與 WebSocket 端點通訊。

# Alte 403-Authentifizierungsfehler-Statuscodes verwenden { #use-old-403-authentication-error-status-codes }

Vor FastAPI-Version `0.122.0` verwendeten die integrierten Sicherheits-Utilities den HTTP-Statuscode `403 Forbidden`, wenn sie dem Client nach einer fehlgeschlagenen Authentifizierung einen Fehler zurückgaben.

/* jcifs msrpc client library in Java
 * Copyright (C) 2007  "Michael B. Allen" <jcifs at samba dot org>
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

from typing_extensions import ParamSpec

P = ParamSpec("P")


class BackgroundTasks(StarletteBackgroundTasks):
    """
    A collection of background tasks that will be called after a response has been
    sent to the client.

    Read more about it in the
    [FastAPI docs for Background Tasks](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/background-tasks/).

    ## Example

    ```python
    from fastapi import BackgroundTasks, FastAPI