* permits? As explained above, there is no unique answer. If we are primarily interested to deal
   * with underutilization, then we want stored permits to be given out /faster/ than fresh ones,
   * because underutilization = free resources for the taking. If we are primarily interested to
   * deal with overflow, then stored permits could be given out /slower/ than fresh ones. Thus, we

### Certificate Directory

    CharArrayDecorator(char[] @Nullable [] replacements) {
      this.replacements = replacements;
      this.replaceLength = replacements.length;
    }

    /*
     * Overriding escape method to be slightly faster for this decorator. We test the replacements
     * array directly, saving a method call.
     */
    @Override
    public String escape(String s) {
      int slen = s.length();

# Fortgeschrittene Abhängigkeiten

## Parametrisierte Abhängigkeiten

Alle Abhängigkeiten, die wir bisher gesehen haben, waren festgelegte Funktionen oder Klassen.

Es kann jedoch Fälle geben, in denen Sie Parameter für eine Abhängigkeit festlegen möchten, ohne viele verschiedene Funktionen oder Klassen zu deklarieren.

Stellen wir uns vor, wir möchten eine Abhängigkeit haben, die prüft, ob ein Query-Parameter `q` einen vordefinierten Inhalt hat.

   *
   * <p><b>Warning:</b> This method, which reencodes the input before processing it, is useful only
   * for cross-language compatibility. For other use cases, prefer {@link #putUnencodedChars}, which
   * is faster, produces the same output across Java releases, and processes every {@code char} in
   * the input, even if some are invalid.
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue

## Accessing the request body in an exception handler

/// tip

To solve this same problem, it's probably a lot easier to use the `body` in a custom handler for `RequestValidationError` ([Handling Errors](../tutorial/handling-errors.md#use-the-requestvalidationerror-body){.internal-link target=_blank}).

        .isEqualTo(InetAddresses.forString("0.0.0.0"));

    // test compat address (should be hashed)
    assertThat(InetAddresses.getCoercedIPv4Address(InetAddresses.forString("::1.2.3.4")))
        .isNotEqualTo(InetAddresses.forString("1.2.3.4"));

    // test 6to4 address (should be hashed)
    assertThat(InetAddresses.getCoercedIPv4Address(InetAddresses.forString("2002:0102:0304::1")))

# Asynchrone Tests

Sie haben bereits gesehen, wie Sie Ihre **FastAPI**-Anwendungen mit dem bereitgestellten `TestClient` testen. Bisher haben Sie nur gesehen, wie man synchrone Tests schreibt, ohne `async`hrone Funktionen zu verwenden.

 * natural ordering or by a supplied comparator. Note that iterations across the columns keys for a
 * single row key may or may not be ordered, depending on the implementation. When rows and columns
 * are both sorted, it's easier to use the {@link TreeBasedTable} subclass.
 *
 * <p>The {@link #rowKeySet} method returns a {@link SortedSet} and the {@link #rowMap} method

 * return a {@code Iterable<? extends N>}, then you can use a lambda to perform a more general
 * transformation:
 *
 * <pre>{@code
 * someGraphAlgorithm(startNode, node -> ImmutableList.of(node.mother(), node.father()));
 * }</pre>
 *
 * <p>Graph algorithms that need additional capabilities (accessing both predecessors and
 * successors, iterating over the edges, etc.) should declare their input to be of a type that