int nRead;
    long total = 0;
    while ((nRead = from.read(buf)) != -1) {
      to.write(buf, 0, nRead);
      total += nRead;
    }
    return total;
  }

  /**
   * Reads all characters from a {@link Readable} object into a {@link String}. Does not close the
   * {@code Readable}.
   *
   * @param r the object to read from
   * @return a string containing all the characters

     * @throws IOException If the metadata could not be deserialized.
     * @throws MetadataParseException If the input format could not be parsed.
     */
    Metadata read(File input, Map<String, ?> options) throws IOException, MetadataParseException;

    /**
     * Reads the metadata from the specified character reader. The reader will be automatically closed before the method
     * returns.
     *

     * @throws IOException If the settings could not be deserialized.
     * @throws SettingsParseException If the input format could not be parsed.
     */
    Settings read(File input, Map<String, ?> options) throws IOException, SettingsParseException;

    /**
     * Reads the settings from the specified character reader. The reader will be automatically closed before the method
     * returns.
     *

     * @throws ToolchainsParseException If the input format could not be parsed.
     */
    PersistedToolchains read(File input, Map<String, ?> options) throws IOException, ToolchainsParseException;

    /**
     * Reads the toolchains from the specified character reader. The reader will be automatically closed before the
     * method returns.
     *

// A HardLimitedReader reads from R but limits the amount of
// data returned to just N bytes. Each call to Read
// updates N to reflect the new amount remaining.
// Read returns EOF when N <= 0 or when the underlying R returns EOF.
type HardLimitedReader struct {
	R io.Reader // underlying reader
	N int64     // max bytes remaining
}

func (l *HardLimitedReader) Read(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
	if l.N < 0 {

# Erasure code sizing guide

## Toy Setups

Capacity constrained environments, MinIO will work but not recommended for production.

| servers | drives (per node) | stripe_size | parity chosen (default) | tolerance for reads (servers) | tolerance for writes (servers) |
|--------:|------------------:|------------:|------------------------:|------------------------------:|-------------------------------:|

Framing rules make it impractical to implement http/2 correctly on a single blocking thread. The flow-control features introduce feedback between reads and writes, requiring writes to acknowledge reads and reads to throttle writes.

In OkHttp we expose a blocking API over a framed protocol. This document explains the code and policy that makes that work.

### Threads

#### Application's calling thread

	}
	if vals := strings.Split(key.Name, "."); len(vals) == 2 {
		key.Extension = "." + vals[1]
		key.Name = strings.TrimSuffix(key.Name, key.Extension)
	}
	return
}

// replayItems - Reads the items from the store and replays.
func replayItems[I any](store Store[I], doneCh <-chan struct{}, log logger, id string) <-chan Key {
	keyCh := make(chan Key)

	go func() {
		defer xioutil.SafeClose(keyCh)

type MonitorReaderOptions struct {
	BucketOptions
	HeaderSize int
}

// Read implements a throttled read
func (r *MonitoredReader) Read(buf []byte) (n int, err error) {
	if r.throttle == nil {
		return r.r.Read(buf)
	}
	if r.lastErr != nil {
		err = r.lastErr
		return
	}
	b := r.throttle.Burst()  // maximum available tokens

 *       block indefinitely or fail if the source creates an infinite reader.
 *   <li><b>Non-destructive:</b> A <i>destructive</i> reader will consume or otherwise alter the
 *       source as they are read from it. A source that provides such readers will not be reusable,
 *       and operations that read from the stream (including {@link #length()}, in some