*
     * @param key the property key
     * @param defaultValue the default value
     * @return the property value, or the default value if not found
     */
    public static String getProperty(String key, String defaultValue) {
        return System.getProperty(key, defaultValue);
    }

    /**
     * Returns the system environment variable value for the specified key.
     *

  return length
}

fun String.toLongOrDefault(defaultValue: Long): Long =
  try {
    toLong()
  } catch (_: NumberFormatException) {
    defaultValue
  }

/**
 * Returns this as a non-negative integer, or 0 if it is negative, or [Int.MAX_VALUE] if it is too
 * large, or [defaultValue] if it cannot be parsed.
 */
internal fun String?.toNonNegativeInt(defaultValue: Int): Int {
  try {

        </field>
        <field xml.attribute="true">
          <name>executionPoint</name>
          <required>false</required>
          <version>2.0.0+</version>
          <type>String</type>
          <defaultValue><![CDATA[]]></defaultValue>
          <description><![CDATA[If specified, identifies this phase as a dynamic phase to decorate the specified phase id, e.g. {@code after} or {@code before}.]]></description>
        </field>

                }
            }
        }
        return defaultValue;
    }

    /**
     * Retrieves a long value from system properties with a default fallback.
     *
     * @param key the property key to look up
     * @param defaultValue the default value if the property is not found or invalid

    return edgeValueOrDefaultInternal(checkNotNull(nodeU), checkNotNull(nodeV), defaultValue);
  }

  @Override
  public @Nullable V edgeValueOrDefault(EndpointPair<N> endpoints, @Nullable V defaultValue) {
    validateEndpoints(endpoints);
    return edgeValueOrDefaultInternal(endpoints.nodeU(), endpoints.nodeV(), defaultValue);
  }

  @Override

   * Returns the first element in {@code iterable} that satisfies the given predicate, or {@code
   * defaultValue} if none found. Note that this can usually be handled more naturally using {@code
   * tryFind(iterable, predicate).or(defaultValue)}.
   *
   * <p><b>{@code Stream} equivalent:</b> {@code
   * stream.filter(predicate).findFirst().orElse(defaultValue)}
   *
   * @since 7.0
   */
  // The signature we really want here is...
  //

) {
  /**
   * Returns the charset of this media type, or [defaultValue] if either this media type doesn't
   * specify a charset, or if its charset is unsupported by the current runtime.
   */
  @JvmOverloads
  fun charset(defaultValue: Charset? = null): Charset? {
    val charset = parameter("charset") ?: return defaultValue
    return try {
      Charset.forName(charset)
    } catch (_: IllegalArgumentException) {

     *
     * @param defaultValue the new default file type value
     */
    public void setDefaultValue(final String defaultValue) {
        this.defaultValue = defaultValue;
    }

    /**
     * Gets all distinct file types currently configured in the mappings.
     *
     * @return an array of all unique file type values
     */
    public String[] getTypes() {

     * @param func The function to apply to the virtual host key
     * @param defaultValue The default value to return if no virtual host matches
     * @return The result of applying the function, or the default value
     */
    protected <T> T processVirtualHost(final Function<String, T> func, final T defaultValue) {
        final Tuple3<String, String, String>[] vHosts = ComponentUtil.getFessConfig().getVirtualHosts();

     * @param key The key of the setting.
     * @param defaultValue The default value if the setting is not found.
     * @return The setting value as a String.
     */
    public String getAsString(final String key, final String defaultValue) {
        final Object obj = get(key);

        final String value;
        if (obj == null) {
            value = defaultValue;
        } else {
            value = obj.toString();