// Verify encoded length
        assertEquals(3, encodedLen, "Encoded length should be equal to the specified length");

        // Verify content
        assertArrayEquals(new byte[] { (byte) 0xFF, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x00 }, dest, "Encoded bytes should be placed at the correct offset");
    }

    @Test
    void testEncodeZeroLength() {
        // Test encoding with zero length
        byte[] data = { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03 };

        System.arraycopy(testData, 0, buffer, 10, testData.length);

        int result = response.readDataWireFormat(buffer, 10, testData.length);

        assertEquals(testData.length, result);
        // Verify data was copied to outputBuffer
        byte[] expectedData = new byte[testData.length];
        System.arraycopy(outputBuffer, 0, expectedData, 0, testData.length);
        assertArrayEquals(testData, expectedData);
    }

        int length = testData.length;

        // Act
        signingDigest.sign(testData, offset, length, null, null);

        // Assert
        verify(signingDigest, times(1)).sign(testData, offset, length, null, null);
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test verify method with null message")
    void testVerifyWithNullMessage() {
        // Arrange
        int offset = 0;
        int length = testData.length;

        byte[] outputBuffer = new byte[testData.length + 100];
        int writtenBytes =
                compressionService.decompress(compressed, 0, compressed.length, outputBuffer, 50, CompressionService.COMPRESSION_LZ77);

        assertEquals(testData.length, writtenBytes);

        byte[] extracted = new byte[testData.length];
        System.arraycopy(outputBuffer, 50, extracted, 0, testData.length);

        assertFalse(result.isEmpty());
        assertEquals(size * 2, result.length()); // Each byte becomes 2 hex chars
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should format with specific offset and length")
    void testHexdumpWithOffsetAndLength() {
        // Given
        byte[] data = createTestData(64);
        int offset = 16;
        int length = 32;

        // When

        }
        if (isDirect) {
            out.writeDirect(buf, off, length, 1);
            return;
        }
        out.write(buf, off, length);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doReceiveFragment(final byte[] buf, final boolean isDirect) throws IOException {
        int off, flags, length;

        if (buf.length < max_recv) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("buffer too small");
        }

                final byte[] output = new byte[cipher.getOutputSize(input.length)];
                int len = cipher.processBytes(input, 0, input.length, output, 0);
                len += cipher.doFinal(output, len);

                plaintext = new byte[ciphertext.length];
                System.arraycopy(output, 0, plaintext, 0, ciphertext.length);
            }

        // Skip 8 bytes for RootDirectory (8-15)
        SMBUtil.writeInt4(nameBytes.length, buffer, 16);
        System.arraycopy(nameBytes, 0, buffer, 20, nameBytes.length);

        FileRenameInformation2 info = new FileRenameInformation2();
        int bytesRead = info.decode(buffer, 0, buffer.length);

        assertEquals(20 + nameBytes.length, bytesRead);
    }

    @Test

        // Simulate a security buffer structure: length (2 bytes), length (2 bytes), offset (4 bytes)
        // Length = 5, Offset = 8
        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(data).order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN);
        buffer.putShort(0, (short) content.length); // Length
        buffer.putShort(2, (short) content.length); // MaxLength (not used by readSecurityBuffer, but typically same as length)
        buffer.putInt(4, 8); // Offset

        decodedInfo.decode(decodeBuffer);

        // Verify the decoded data matches
        assertEquals(dnsDomainInfo.name.length, decodedInfo.name.length);
        assertEquals(dnsDomainInfo.dns_domain.length, decodedInfo.dns_domain.length);
        assertEquals(dnsDomainInfo.dns_forest.length, decodedInfo.dns_forest.length);

        // Verify GUID
        assertEquals(dnsDomainInfo.domain_guid.time_low, decodedInfo.domain_guid.time_low);