// Encode to buffer
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        NdrBuffer encodeBuffer = new NdrBuffer(buffer, 0);
        domainInfo.encode(encodeBuffer);

        // Decode from buffer
        NdrBuffer decodeBuffer = new NdrBuffer(buffer, 0);
        lsarpc.LsarDomainInfo decodedInfo = new lsarpc.LsarDomainInfo();
        decodedInfo.decode(decodeBuffer);

            Arrays.fill(buffer2, (byte) 0x22);

            // First decode
            response.decode(buffer1, 0, 50);
            byte[] data1 = response.getData();

            // Second decode should overwrite
            response.decode(buffer2, 10, 60);
            byte[] data2 = response.getData();

            // Verify second decode overwrote first
            assertEquals(60, data2.length);

        SMBUtil.writeInt8(expectedValue, buffer, offset);

        // Decode from offset
        int bytesRead = fileInfo.decode(buffer, offset, buffer.length - offset);

        assertEquals(8, bytesRead);
        assertTrue(fileInfo.toString().contains("endOfFile=" + expectedValue));
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test encode and decode round trip")

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should encode and decode 16-bit integers")
    void testInt16Operations() {
        // Given
        short value = 0x1234;
        byte[] buffer = new byte[2];

        // When - encode little endian
        Encdec.enc_uint16le(value, buffer, 0);
        short decoded = (short) Encdec.dec_uint16le(buffer, 0);

        // Then
        assertEquals(value, decoded);

    }

    /**
     * Test decode with only EOL
     */
    @Test
    @DisplayName("Decode empty list with only EOL")
    void testDecodeEmptyList() throws CIFSException {
        byte[] eolData = createEolData();
        List<AvPair> pairs = AvPairs.decode(eolData);

        assertNotNull(pairs, "Decoded pairs should not be null");

        }
    }

    @Nested
    @DisplayName("Decode Tests")
    class DecodeTests {

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should decode valid copy chunk response")
        void testDecodeValidResponse() throws SMBProtocolDecodingException {
            byte[] buffer = createValidCopyChunkResponse(5, 65536, 327680);

            int bytesDecoded = response.decode(buffer, 0, buffer.length);

        // Decode into first instance
        FileStandardInfo firstInstance = new FileStandardInfo();
        firstInstance.decode(originalBuffer, 0, originalBuffer.length);

        // Encode from first instance
        byte[] encodedBuffer = new byte[22];
        firstInstance.encode(encodedBuffer, 0);

        // Decode into second instance

            int encoded = originalContext.encode(buffer, 0);

            PreauthIntegrityNegotiateContext decodedContext = new PreauthIntegrityNegotiateContext();
            int decoded = decodedContext.decode(buffer, 0, encoded);

            assertEquals(encoded, decoded);
            assertArrayEquals(originalHashAlgos, decodedContext.getHashAlgos());

        int decoded = resp.decode(buf, headerStart);
        assertTrue(decoded > 0, "Decode should return positive length");

        assertEquals(NtStatus.NT_STATUS_MORE_PROCESSING_REQUIRED, resp.getStatus());
        assertArrayEquals(blob, resp.getBlob(), "Security blob should match");
        assertEquals(sessionFlags, resp.getSessionFlags(), "Session flags should decode");

        // Simulate info pointer (non-null)
        dstOut.enc_ndr_long(1); // Non-null pointer for info
        info.encode(dstOut); // Encode the info structure

        // Simulate totalentries pointer (non-null)
        dstOut.enc_ndr_long(1); // Non-null pointer for totalentries
        totalentries.encode(dstOut); // Encode the totalentries

        dstOut.enc_ndr_long(0); // Simulate retval