## Use the `Request` object directly

Let's imagine you want to get the client's IP address/host inside of your *path operation function*.

For that you need to access the request directly.

```Python hl_lines="1  7-8"
{!../../docs_src/using_request_directly/tutorial001.py!}
```

By declaring a *path operation function* parameter with the type being the `Request` **FastAPI** will know to pass the `Request` in that parameter.

/// tip

Puedes declarar un parámetro de tipo `Response` en tu *función de operación de path* (de manera similar como se hace con las cookies).

Y entonces, podrás configurar las cookies en ese objeto de response *temporal*.

```Python hl_lines="1  7-8"
{!../../docs_src/response_headers/tutorial002.py!}
```

Posteriormente, puedes devolver cualquier objeto que necesites, como normalmente harías (un `dict`, un modelo de base de datos, etc).

Sie können einen Parameter vom Typ `Response` in Ihrer *Pfadoperation-Funktion* deklarieren (wie Sie es auch für Cookies tun können).

Und dann können Sie Header in diesem *vorübergehenden* Response-Objekt festlegen.

```Python hl_lines="1  7-8"
{!../../docs_src/response_headers/tutorial002.py!}
```

Anschließend können Sie wie gewohnt jedes gewünschte Objekt zurückgeben (ein `dict`, ein Datenbankmodell, usw.).

## Das `Request`-Objekt direkt verwenden

Angenommen, Sie möchten auf die IP-Adresse/den Host des Clients in Ihrer *Pfadoperation-Funktion* zugreifen.

Dazu müssen Sie direkt auf den Request zugreifen.

```Python hl_lines="1  7-8"
{!../../docs_src/using_request_directly/tutorial001.py!}
```

## Use a `Response` parameter

You can declare a parameter of type `Response` in your *path operation function* (as you can do for cookies).

And then you can set headers in that *temporal* response object.

```Python hl_lines="1  7-8"
{!../../docs_src/response_headers/tutorial002.py!}
```

And then you can return any object you need, as you normally would (a `dict`, a database model, etc).

Vamos imaginar que você deseja obter o endereço de IP/host do cliente dentro da sua *função de operação de rota*.

Para isso você precisa acessar a requisição diretamente.

```Python hl_lines="1  7-8"
{!../../docs_src/using_request_directly/tutorial001.py!}
```

Ao declarar o parâmetro com o tipo sendo um `Request` em sua *função de operação de rota*, o **FastAPI** saberá como passar o `Request` neste parâmetro.

不过，仍可以验证、转换与注释（使用 Pydantic 模型的请求体等）其它正常声明的参数。

但在某些特定情况下，还是需要提取 `Request` 对象。

## 直接使用 `Request` 对象

假设要在*路径操作函数*中获取客户端 IP 地址和主机。

此时，需要直接访问请求。

```Python hl_lines="1  7-8"
{!../../docs_src/using_request_directly/tutorial001.py!}
```

把*路径操作函数*的参数类型声明为 `Request`，**FastAPI** 就能把 `Request` 传递到参数里。

/// tip | "提示"

注意，本例除了声明请求参数之外，还声明了路径参数。

	_ = x[ErrTooManyRequests-173]
	_ = x[ErrInvalidRequest-174]
	_ = x[ErrTransitionStorageClassNotFoundError-175]
	_ = x[ErrInvalidStorageClass-176]
	_ = x[ErrBackendDown-177]
	_ = x[ErrMalformedJSON-178]
	_ = x[ErrAdminNoSuchUser-179]
	_ = x[ErrAdminNoSuchUserLDAPWarn-180]
	_ = x[ErrAdminLDAPExpectedLoginName-181]
	_ = x[ErrAdminNoSuchGroup-182]
	_ = x[ErrAdminGroupNotEmpty-183]
	_ = x[ErrAdminGroupDisabled-184]

  "durations" : [ {
    "testProject" : "bigNative",
    "linux" : 499
  }, {
    "testProject" : "mediumNative",
    "linux" : 178
  }, {
    "testProject" : "multiNative",
    "linux" : 1135
  }, {
    "testProject" : "smallNative",
    "linux" : 131
  } ]
}, {

    checkInitialCapacity(1, 2, 2);
    checkInitialCapacity(1, 3, 4);
    checkInitialCapacity(1, 4, 4);
    checkInitialCapacity(1, 5, 8);
    checkInitialCapacity(1, 6, 8);
    checkInitialCapacity(1, 7, 8);
    checkInitialCapacity(1, 8, 8);

    checkInitialCapacity(2, 0, 1);
    checkInitialCapacity(2, 1, 1);
    checkInitialCapacity(2, 2, 1);
    checkInitialCapacity(2, 3, 2);