opReadRune4 readOp = 4  // Read rune of size 4.
)

// ErrTooLarge is passed to panic if memory cannot be allocated to store data in a buffer.
var ErrTooLarge = errors.New("bytes.Buffer: too large")
var errNegativeRead = errors.New("bytes.Buffer: reader returned negative count from Read")

const maxInt = int(^uint(0) >> 1)

// Bytes returns a slice of length b.Len() holding the unread portion of the buffer.

            }
        )
    )


def test_cookie_param_model_extra(client: TestClient):
    with client as c:
        c.cookies.set("session_id", "123")
        c.cookies.set("extra", "track-me-here-too")
        response = c.get("/items/")
    assert response.status_code == 422
    assert response.json() == snapshot(
        IsDict(
            {
                "detail": [
                    {

Would you like to help FastAPI, other users, and the author?

Or would you like to get help with **FastAPI**?

There are very simple ways to help (several involve just one or two clicks).

And there are several ways to get help too.

## Subscribe to the newsletter

You can subscribe to the (infrequent) [**FastAPI and friends** newsletter](newsletter.md){.internal-link target=_blank} to stay updated about:

* News about FastAPI and friends 🚀

* for **input** the `description` will **not be required**
* for **output** it will be **required** (and possibly `None`, or in JSON terms, `null`)

### Model for Output in Docs

You can check the output model in the docs too, **both** `name` and `description` are marked as **required** with a **red asterisk**:

<div class="screenshot">
<img src="/img/tutorial/separate-openapi-schemas/image03.png">
</div>

### Model for Input and Output in Docs

public class DefaultRootLocator implements RootLocator {

    public boolean isRootDirectory(Path dir) {
        if (Files.isDirectory(dir.resolve(".mvn"))) {
            return true;
        }
        // we're too early to use the modelProcessor ...
        Path pom = dir.resolve("pom.xml");
        try (InputStream is = Files.newInputStream(pom)) {
            XMLStreamReader parser = XMLInputFactory.newFactory().createXMLStreamReader(is);

    "I",  # isort
    "B",  # flake8-bugbear
    "C4",  # flake8-comprehensions
    "UP",  # pyupgrade
]
ignore = [
    "E501",  # line too long, handled by black
    "B008",  # do not perform function calls in argument defaults
    "C901",  # too complex
    "W191",  # indentation contains tabs
]

[tool.ruff.lint.per-file-ignores]
"__init__.py" = ["F401"]

            .suppressing(parentBuilder.getSuppressedTests())
            .suppressing(SetCreationTester.class.getMethods())
            // BiMap.entrySet() duplicate-handling behavior is too confusing for SetCreationTester
            .withSetUp(parentBuilder.getSetUp())
            .withTearDown(parentBuilder.getTearDown())
            .createTestSuite());
    /*

            "+1.+2.+3.4",
            "1.2.3.4e0",
            "6:5:4:3:2:1:0", // too few parts
            "::7:6:5:4:3:2:1:0", // too many parts
            "7:6:5:4:3:2:1:0::", // too many parts
            "9:8:7:6:5:4:3::2:1", // too many parts
            "0:1:2:3::4:5:6:7", // :: must remove at least one 0.
            "3ffe:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1", // too many parts (9 instead of 8)
            "3ffe::10000", // hextet exceeds 16 bits

// errRPCAPIVersionUnsupported - unsupported rpc API version.
var errRPCAPIVersionUnsupported = errors.New("Unsupported rpc API version")

// errServerTimeMismatch - server times are too far apart.
var errServerTimeMismatch = errors.New("Server times are too far apart")

// errInvalidRange - returned when given range value is not valid.
var errInvalidRange = errors.New("Invalid range")

		KMSKey:    key.Ciphertext,
		Algorithm: algorithm,
		Nonce:     nonce,
	})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	if len(metadata) > MaxMetadataSize {
		return nil, errors.New("config: encryption metadata is too large")
	}
	header[0] = Version
	binary.LittleEndian.PutUint32(header[1:], uint32(len(metadata)))
	buffer.Write(header[:])
	buffer.Write(metadata)

	return io.MultiReader(
		&buffer,