*/
  public static <T> Optional<T> absent() {
    return Absent.withType();
  }

  /**
   * Returns an {@code Optional} instance containing the given non-null reference. To have {@code
   * null} treated as {@link #absent}, use {@link #fromNullable} instead.
   *
   * <p><b>Comparison to {@code java.util.Optional}:</b> no differences.
   *
   * @throws NullPointerException if {@code reference} is null
   */

   *
   * <p><b>Java 7+ users:</b> this constant should be treated as deprecated; use {@link
   * java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets#ISO_8859_1} instead.
   *
   */
  public static final Charset ISO_8859_1 = Charset.forName("ISO-8859-1");

  /**
   * UTF-8: eight-bit UCS Transformation Format.
   *
   * <p><b>Java 7+ users:</b> this constant should be treated as deprecated; use {@link

  }

  /**
   * Returns the value of the given {@code int} as a {@code long}, when treated as unsigned.
   *
   * <p><b>Java 8+ users:</b> use {@link Integer#toUnsignedLong(int)} instead.
   */
  public static long toLong(int value) {
    return value & INT_MASK;
  }

  /**
   * Returns the {@code int} value that, when treated as unsigned, is equal to {@code value}, if
   * possible.
   *

  public static int toInt(byte value) {
    return value & UNSIGNED_MASK;
  }

  /**
   * Returns the {@code byte} value that, when treated as unsigned, is equal to {@code value}, if
   * possible.
   *
   * @param value a value between 0 and 255 inclusive
   * @return the {@code byte} value that, when treated as unsigned, equals {@code value}
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code value} is negative or greater than 255
   */

   * </ul>
   *
   * <p>This assumes that any non-null objects passed to this function conform to the {@code
   * equals()} contract.
   *
   * <p><b>Java 7+ users:</b> This method should be treated as deprecated; use {@link
   * java.util.Objects#equals} instead.
   */
  public static boolean equal(@CheckForNull Object a, @CheckForNull Object b) {
    return a == b || (a != null && a.equals(b));
  }

  /**

   * @return the value associated with {@code key}; <b>must not be null</b>
   * @throws Exception if unable to load the result
   * @throws InterruptedException if this method is interrupted. {@code InterruptedException} is
   *     treated like any other {@code Exception} in all respects except that, when it is caught,
   *     the thread's interrupt status is set
   */
  public abstract V load(K key) throws Exception;

  /**

   * text that is terminated by (but does not include) one of {@code \r\n}, {@code \r} or {@code
   * \n}. If the source's content does not end in a line termination sequence, it is treated as if
   * it does.
   *
   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs while reading from this source
   */
  @CheckForNull
  public String readFirstLine() throws IOException {

 * I'm not completely sure that this is the right choice, but it has various advantages:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>An annotation named just "Suppress" might someday be treated by a non-Android tool as a
 *       suppression. This would follow the precedent of many of our annotation processors, which
 *       look for any annotation named, e.g., "GwtIncompatible," regardless of package.

   * methods that do not take an explicit timeout value, a single test case is generated only if the
   * implicit timeout of that method matches the given timeoutsToUse. For example, enter() is
   * treated like enter(MAX, MILLIS) and tryEnter() is treated like enter(0, MILLIS).
   */
  private static void addTests(
      TestSuite suite,
      Method method,
      Scenario scenario,
      TimeoutsToUse timeoutsToUse,

   * interpreted as an unsigned 32-bit value. Specifically, the sign bit of {@code bits} is
   * interpreted as a normal bit, and all other bits are treated as usual.
   *
   * <p>If the argument is nonnegative, the returned result will be equal to {@code bits},
   * otherwise, the result will be equal to {@code 2^32 + bits}.
   *