t.Errorf("failed to update with named arg")
	}

	AssertEqual(t, result5, namedUser)

	var result6 NamedUser
	if err := DB.Raw(`SELECT * FROM named_users WHERE (name1 = @name

	}
}

type Content struct {
	Content interface{} `gorm:"type:String"`
}

func (c Content) Value() (driver.Value, error) {
	// mssql driver with issue on handling null bytes https://github.com/denisenkom/go-mssqldb/issues/530,
	b, err := json.Marshal(c)
	return string(b[:]), err
}

func (c *Content) Scan(src interface{}) error {
	var value Content
	str, ok := src.(string)
	if !ok {

		DB.Raw("select * from users").Scan(&u)
	}
}

func BenchmarkUpdate(b *testing.B) {
	user := *GetUser("find", Config{})
	DB.Create(&user)

	for x := 0; x < b.N; x++ {
		DB.Model(&user).Updates(map[string]interface{}{"Age": x})
	}
}

func BenchmarkDelete(b *testing.B) {
	user := *GetUser("find", Config{})

	for x := 0; x < b.N; x++ {
		user.ID = 0
		DB.Create(&user)
		DB.Delete(&user)
	}

package schema_test

import (
	"sync"
	"testing"

	"gorm.io/gorm"
	"gorm.io/gorm/schema"
)

func checkStructRelation(t *testing.T, data interface{}, relations ...Relation) {
	if s, err := schema.Parse(data, &sync.Map{}, schema.NamingStrategy{}); err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Failed to parse schema, got error %v", err)
	} else {
		for _, rel := range relations {
			checkSchemaRelation(t, s, rel)
		}
	}
}

	"testing"

	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
)

func TestSelect(t *testing.T) {
	results := []struct {
		Clauses []clause.Interface
		Result  string
		Vars    []interface{}
	}{
		{
			[]clause.Interface{clause.Select{}, clause.From{}},
			"SELECT * FROM `users`", nil,
		},
		{
			[]clause.Interface{clause.Select{
				Columns: []clause.Column{clause.PrimaryColumn},
			}, clause.From{}},

	"go/ast"
	"reflect"
)

// Expression expression interface
type Expression interface {
	Build(builder Builder)
}

// NegationExpressionBuilder negation expression builder
type NegationExpressionBuilder interface {
	NegationBuild(builder Builder)
}

// Expr raw expression
type Expr struct {
	SQL                string
	Vars               []interface{}
	WithoutParentheses bool
}

	gorm.Dialector
}

type printSQLLogger struct {
	logger.Interface
}

func (l *printSQLLogger) Trace(ctx context.Context, begin time.Time, fc func() (sql string, rowsAffected int64), err error) {
	sql, _ := fc()
	fmt.Println(sql + ";")
	l.Interface.Trace(ctx, begin, fc, err)
}

// GormDataTypeInterface gorm data type interface
type GormDataTypeInterface interface {
	GormDBDataType(*gorm.DB, *schema.Field) string
}

	"github.com/jinzhu/now"
	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
	"gorm.io/gorm/schema"
)

type DeletedAt sql.NullTime

// Scan implements the Scanner interface.
func (n *DeletedAt) Scan(value interface{}) error {
	return (*sql.NullTime)(n).Scan(value)
}

// Value implements the driver Valuer interface.
func (n DeletedAt) Value() (driver.Value, error) {
	if !n.Valid {
		return nil, nil
	}
	return n.Time, nil
}

				convertParams(reflect.Indirect(rv).Interface(), idx)
			} else if isNumeric(rv.Kind()) {
				if rv.CanInt() || rv.CanUint() {
					vars[idx] = fmt.Sprintf("%d", rv.Interface())
				} else {
					vars[idx] = fmt.Sprintf("%.6f", rv.Interface())
				}
			} else {
				for _, t := range convertibleTypes {
					if rv.Type().ConvertibleTo(t) {
						convertParams(rv.Convert(t).Interface(), idx)
						return
					}
				}

//
// [docs]: https://gorm.io/docs/sql_builder.html#Clauses
func (db *DB) Clauses(conds ...clause.Expression) (tx *DB) {
	tx = db.getInstance()
	var whereConds []interface{}

	for _, cond := range conds {
		if c, ok := cond.(clause.Interface); ok {
			tx.Statement.AddClause(c)
		} else if optimizer, ok := cond.(StatementModifier); ok {
			optimizer.ModifyStatement(tx.Statement)
		} else {