- tutorial/header-params.md
    - tutorial/response-model.md
    - tutorial/extra-models.md
    - tutorial/response-status-code.md
    - tutorial/request-forms.md
    - tutorial/request-files.md
    - tutorial/request-forms-and-files.md
    - tutorial/handling-errors.md
    - tutorial/path-operation-configuration.md
    - tutorial/encoder.md
    - tutorial/body-updates.md
    - Dependencies:

## What is "Form Data"

The way HTML forms (`<form></form>`) sends the data to the server normally uses a "special" encoding for that data, it's different from JSON.

**FastAPI** will make sure to read that data from the right place instead of JSON.

!!! note "Technical Details"
    Data from forms is normally encoded using the "media type" `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` when it doesn't include files.

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient


@pytest.fixture(name="app")
def get_app():
    from docs_src.request_forms_and_files.tutorial001 import app

    return app


@pytest.fixture(name="client")
def get_client(app: FastAPI):
    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


def test_post_form_no_body(client: TestClient):
    response = client.post("/files/")
    assert response.status_code == 422, response.text

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from ...utils import needs_py39


@pytest.fixture(name="client")
def get_client():
    from docs_src.request_forms.tutorial001_an_py39 import app

    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


@needs_py39
def test_post_body_form(client: TestClient):
    response = client.post("/login/", data={"username": "Foo", "password": "secret"})
    assert response.status_code == 200

* Raise an exception when using form data (`Form`, `File`) without having `python-multipart` installed.
    * Up to now the application would run, and raise an exception only when receiving a request with form data, the new behavior, raising early, will prevent from deploying applications with broken dependencies.

from ...utils import needs_py39


@pytest.fixture(name="app")
def get_app():
    from docs_src.request_forms_and_files.tutorial001_an_py39 import app

    return app


@pytest.fixture(name="client")
def get_client(app: FastAPI):
    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


@needs_py39
def test_post_form_no_body(client: TestClient):
    response = client.post("/files/")

    @app.post("/login")
    def login(form_data: Annotated[OAuth2PasswordRequestForm, Depends()]):
        data = {}
        data["scopes"] = []
        for scope in form_data.scopes:
            data["scopes"].append(scope)
        if form_data.client_id:
            data["client_id"] = form_data.client_id
        if form_data.client_secret:
            data["client_secret"] = form_data.client_secret
        return data
    ```

from fastapi import FastAPI, Form
from typing_extensions import Annotated

app = FastAPI()


@app.post("/login/")
async def login(username: Annotated[str, Form()], password: Annotated[str, Form()]):

## ⚫️❔ "📨 💽"

🌌 🕸 📨 (`<form></form>`) 📨 💽 💽 🛎 ⚙️ "🎁" 🔢 👈 📊, ⚫️ 🎏 ⚪️➡️ 🎻.

**FastAPI** 🔜 ⚒ 💭 ✍ 👈 📊 ⚪️➡️ ▶️️ 🥉 ↩️ 🎻.

!!! note "📡 ℹ"
    📊 ⚪️➡️ 📨 🛎 🗜 ⚙️ "📻 🆎" `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` 🕐❔ ⚫️ 🚫 🔌 📁.

    ✋️ 🕐❔ 📨 🔌 📁, ⚫️ 🗜 `multipart/form-data`. 🚥 👆 ⚙️ `File`, **FastAPI** 🔜 💭 ⚫️ ✔️ 🤚 📁 ⚪️➡️ ☑ 🍕 💪.

## "폼 데이터"란

HTML의 폼들(`<form></form>`)이 서버에 데이터를 전송하는 방식은 대개 데이터에 JSON과는 다른 "특별한" 인코딩을 사용합니다.

**FastAPI**는 JSON 대신 올바른 위치에서 데이터를 읽을 수 있도록 합니다.

!!! note "기술적 세부사항"
    폼의 데이터는 파일이 포함되지 않은 경우 일반적으로 "미디어 유형" `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` 을 사용해 인코딩 됩니다.

    하지만 파일이 포함된 경우, `multipart/form-data`로 인코딩됩니다. `File`을 사용하였다면, **FastAPI**는 본문의 적합한 부분에서 파일을 가져와야 한다는 것을 인지합니다.