this.protocol = protocol(url);
        this.basedir = basedir(url);
    }

    // Path Utils

    /**
     * Return the protocol name.
     * <br>
     * E.g: for input
     * <code>http://www.codehaus.org</code> this method will return <code>http</code>
     *
     * @param url the url
     * @return the host name
     */
    private static String protocol(final String url) {

        this.pathTranslator = pathTranslator;
        this.rootLocator = rootLocator;
    }

    /**
     * Interpolates given {@code path}.
     *
     * @return absolute path or {@code null} if the input was {@code null}
     */
    public String interpolate(String path, ProfileActivationContext context) throws InterpolationException {
        if (path == null) {
            return null;
        }

            throw new XmlWriterException("Unable to write plugin: " + getMessage(e), getLocation(e), e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Simply parse the given xml string.
     *
     * @param xml the input xml string
     * @return the parsed object
     * @throws XmlReaderException if an error occurs during the parsing
     * @see #toXmlString(Object)
     */

     * The supplied request may also refer to a single concrete version rather than a version range.
     * In this case though, the result contains simply the (parsed) input version, regardless of the
     * repositories and their contents.
     *
     * @param artifact the artifact for which to resolve the versions
     * @return a list of resolved {@code Version}s.

                // NOTE: There's java.nio.charset.MalformedInputException and sun.io.MalformedInputException
                if (e.getClass().getName().endsWith("MalformedInputException")) {
                    msg = "Some input bytes do not match the file encoding.";
                } else {
                    msg = e.getClass().getSimpleName();
                }
            }
            problems.add(
                    Severity.FATAL,

    /**
     * Calculates the effective repositories for the given input repositories which are assumed to be already mirrored
     * (if applicable). This process will essentially remove duplicate repositories by merging them into one equivalent
     * repository. It is worth to point out that merging does not simply choose one of the input repositories and
     * discards the others but actually combines their possibly different policies.

public interface UrlNormalizer {

    /**
     * Normalizes the specified URL.
     *
     * @param url The URL to normalize, may be {@code null}.
     * @return The normalized URL or {@code null} if the input was {@code null}.
     */
    String normalize(String url);

     * provided model directly or to create a clone of the model and interpolate the clone. Callers should always use
     * the returned model and must not rely on the input model being updated.
     *
     * @param model The model to interpolate, must not be {@code null}.
     * @param projectDir The project directory, may be {@code null} if the model does not belong to a local project but

    public Metadata read(File input, Map<String, ?> options) throws IOException {
        Objects.requireNonNull(input, "input cannot be null");

        return read(Files.newInputStream(input.toPath()), options);
    }

    public Metadata read(Reader input, Map<String, ?> options) throws IOException {
        Objects.requireNonNull(input, "input cannot be null");

        try (Reader in = input) {

        // is a first step. There are several replacements below, in order to normalize
        // the path character before we operate on the string as a regex input, and
        // in order to avoid surprises with the File construction...
        // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------