TFE_TensorHandle* TestVariable(TFE_Context* ctx, float value,
                               const tensorflow::string& device_name) {
  TF_Status* status = TF_NewStatus();
  // Create the variable handle.
  TFE_Op* op = TFE_NewOp(ctx, "VarHandleOp", status);
  if (TF_GetCode(status) != TF_OK) return nullptr;
  TFE_OpSetAttrType(op, "dtype", TF_FLOAT);
  TFE_OpSetAttrShape(op, "shape", {}, 0, status);
  TFE_OpSetAttrString(op, "container", "localhost", 0);

  "tf_device.cluster"() ({
    // CHECK:      "tf.VarHandleOp"
    // CHECK-SAME: _xla_outside_compilation
    "tf.VarHandleOp"() {allowed_devices = [], container = "", device = "", shared_name = ""} : () -> tensor<!tf_type.resource<tensor<!tf_type.string>>>
    tf_device.return

  func.return %arg : tensor<!tf_type.resource<tensor<i32>>>
}

// CHECK-LABEL: func @side_effect_while_test
func.func @side_effect_while_test() -> (tensor<i32>) {
  %0 = "tf.VarHandleOp"() {device = "/device:CPU:0", container = "c", shared_name = "v"} : () -> tensor<!tf_type.resource<tensor<i32>>>
  // CHECK: [[while_res:%.]]:2 = tfrt.while {{%.*}} @"side_effect_while_body_add2/tfrt_body_1"

// aliasing output arguments.
std::unique_ptr<OperationPass<ModuleOp>> CreatePromoteResourcesToArgsPass(
    llvm::ArrayRef<std::string> functions = {});

// Creates a pass that promotes tf.VarHandleOp to resource arguments for all
// functions.
std::unique_ptr<OperationPass<ModuleOp>> CreatePromoteVarHandlesToArgsPass();

// Creates a pass that converts readonly reference variables to the