In this section we'll see how to use other middlewares.

## Adding ASGI middlewares { #adding-asgi-middlewares }

As **FastAPI** is based on Starlette and implements the <abbr title="Asynchronous Server Gateway Interface">ASGI</abbr> specification, you can use any ASGI middleware.

A middleware doesn't have to be made for FastAPI or Starlette to work, as long as it follows the ASGI spec.

 *
 * @author Jared Levy
 */
@GwtCompatible
abstract class AbstractSetMultimap<K extends @Nullable Object, V extends @Nullable Object>
    extends AbstractMapBasedMultimap<K, V> implements SetMultimap<K, V> {
  /**
   * Creates a new multimap that uses the provided map.
   *
   * @param map place to store the mapping from each key to its corresponding values
   */

import org.apache.maven.model.Reporting;
import org.apache.maven.model.Resource;

/**
 * DefaultPathTranslator
 */
@Deprecated
@Named
@Singleton
public class DefaultPathTranslator implements PathTranslator {
    private static final String[] BASEDIR_EXPRESSIONS = {"${basedir}", "${pom.basedir}", "${project.basedir}"};

    @Override
    public void alignToBaseDirectory(Model model, File basedir) {

 * HTTP method, URL, metadata, encoding, parent URL, depth, last modified time,
 * creation time, and weight.
 *
 * @param <IDTYPE> the type of the identifier for the URL queue entry
 */
public class UrlQueueImpl<IDTYPE> implements UrlQueue<IDTYPE> {
    /** The unique identifier for the URL queue entry. */
    protected IDTYPE id;

    /** The session ID associated with this URL queue. */
    protected String sessionId;

/**
 * Authentication chain implementation that executes external commands for user operations.
 * Provides user management through command-line tool execution for password changes and user deletion.
 */
public class CommandChain implements AuthenticationChain {

    private static final Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(CommandChain.class);

    /** Working directory for command execution. */
    protected File workingDirectory = null;

 * share paths, expiration handling, and referral management for DFS path resolution.
 *
 * @author mbechler
 */
public class DfsReferralDataImpl implements DfsReferralDataInternal {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DfsReferralDataImpl.class);

    private int pathConsumed;
    private long ttl;
    private String server; // Server

import jcifs.smb.SmbTransportInternal;
import jcifs.util.Crypto;
import jcifs.util.Hexdump;

/**
 *
 *
 * <p>This class is intended for internal use.</p>
 */
public class SMB1SigningDigest implements SMBSigningDigest {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SMB1SigningDigest.class);

    private final MessageDigest digest;
    private byte[] macSigningKey;
    private boolean bypass = false;

        byte[] packet = buildPacket(header, body, null, null);
        resp.decode(packet, 0, false); // marks as received

        // Create a request that implements both CommonServerMessageBlockRequest and RequestWithFileId
        CommonServerMessageBlockRequest next =
                mock(CommonServerMessageBlockRequest.class, withSettings().extraInterfaces(RequestWithFileId.class));

 * This class provides pagination functionality for displaying and managing
 * request headers in the administration interface.
 */
public class ReqHeaderPager implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    /**
     * Default number of records to display per page.
     */
    public static final int DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE = 20;

    /**

 * This implementation passes the navigable map test suites.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
@GwtIncompatible
public final class SafeTreeMap<K, V> implements Serializable, NavigableMap<K, V> {
  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  private static final Comparator<Object> NATURAL_ORDER =
      new Comparator<Object>() {
        @Override