Um "middleware" é uma função que manipula cada **requisição** antes de ser processada por qualquer *operação de rota* específica. E também cada **resposta** antes de retorná-la.

* Ele pega cada **requisição** que chega ao seu aplicativo.
* Ele pode então fazer algo com essa **requisição** ou executar qualquer código necessário.
* Então ele passa a **requisição** para ser processada pelo resto do aplicativo (por alguma *operação de rota*).

        QueryBuilder builder = queryCommand.convertTermRangeQuery(context, query, 1.0f);
        assertNotNull(builder);
        assertTrue(builder instanceof RangeQueryBuilder);

        // Query was processed successfully
        RangeQueryBuilder rqb = (RangeQueryBuilder) builder;
        assertEquals("title", rqb.fieldName());
    }

import jcifs.internal.SMBProtocolDecodingException;

/**
 * Response for SMB1 TRANS_CALL_NAMED_PIPE transaction.
 *
 * This response contains the data returned from the named pipe
 * after a call transaction has been processed by the server.
 */
public class TransCallNamedPipeResponse extends SmbComTransactionResponse {

    private final byte[] outputBuffer;

    /**

   *
   * @param buf the byte array containing the data to process
   * @param off the initial offset into the array
   * @param len the length of data to be processed
   * @return true to continue processing, false to stop
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue // some uses know that their processor never returns false
  boolean processBytes(byte[] buf, int off, int len) throws IOException;

type UserRequest struct {
	URL     string      `json:"url"`
	Headers http.Header `json:"headers"`
}

// GetObjectContext provides the necessary details to perform
// download of the object, and return back the processed response
// to the server.
type GetObjectContext struct {
	OutputRoute string `json:"outputRoute"`
	OutputToken string `json:"outputToken"`
	InputS3URL  string `json:"inputS3Url"`
}

            }
        }
        writeJsonResponse(HttpServletResponse.SC_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED, escapeJsonKeyValue(MESSAGE_FIELD, method + " is not allowed."));
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Processes a scroll search request.
     * @param request The HTTP request.
     * @param response The HTTP response.
     * @param chain The filter chain.
     */

        buf[0] = 0x00;
        buf[1] = 0x10; // count = 4096 in little-endian (0x1000)
        int returned = resp.readParameterWordsWireFormat(buf, 0);
        assertEquals(8, returned, "Method should return 8 bytes processed");
    }

                ist.interrupt();
            }
        }
        return -1; // Indicate failure
    }

    /**
     * Timer task for destroying processes that exceed their timeout.
     * Handles graceful and forceful termination of thumbnail generation processes.
     */
    protected static class ProcessDestroyer extends TimerTask {

        /** The process to monitor and destroy. */
        private final Process p;

        return sval;
    }

    /**
     * Advances to the next token.
     *
     * @return The type of the token.
     */
    public int nextToken() {
        initVal();
        if (processEOF()) {
            return ttype;
        }
        if (processWhitespace()) {
            return ttype;
        }
        if (processWord()) {
            return ttype;
        }

 */
package org.codelibs.core.io;

/**
 * Interface for handlers that process classes.
 *
 * @author koichik
 */
public interface ClassHandler {

    /**
     * Processes a class.
     *
     * @param packageName the package name
     * @param shortClassName the simple class name
     */
    void processClass(String packageName, String shortClassName);