}

  private static final double LN_2 = log(2);

  /**
   * Returns {@code true} if {@code x} represents a mathematical integer.
   *
   * <p>This is equivalent to, but not necessarily implemented as, the expression {@code
   * !Double.isNaN(x) && !Double.isInfinite(x) && x == Math.rint(x)}.
   */
  @GwtIncompatible // java.lang.Math.getExponent, com.google.common.math.DoubleUtils

   * <p>These functions will never be passed {@code null} and must not under any circumstances
   * return {@code null}. If a value cannot be converted, the function should throw an unchecked
   * exception (typically, but not necessarily, {@link IllegalArgumentException}).
   *
   * <p>The returned converter is serializable if both provided functions are.
   *
   * @since 17.0
   */
  public static <A, B> Converter<A, B> from(

irrevocable (except as stated in this section) patent license to make, have made, use, offer to sell, sell, import, and otherwise transfer the Work, where such license applies only to those patent claims licensable by such Contributor that are necessarily infringed by their Contribution(s) alone or by combination of their Contribution(s) with the Work to which such Contribution(s) was submitted. If You institute patent litigation against any entity (including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit)...

    user can modify the Library and then relink to produce a modified
    executable containing the modified Library.  (It is understood
    that the user who changes the contents of definitions files in the
    Library will not necessarily be able to recompile the application
    to use the modified definitions.)

    b) Use a suitable shared library mechanism for linking with the
    Library.  A suitable mechanism is one that (1) uses at run time a

Just avoiding the copy of files doesn't necessarily improve things too much, but because it used the cache for that step, it can **use the cache for the next step**. For example, it could use the cache for the instruction that installs dependencies with:

```Dockerfile

  public static int compare(float a, float b) {
    return Float.compare(a, b);
  }

  /**
   * Returns {@code true} if {@code value} represents a real number. This is equivalent to, but not
   * necessarily implemented as, {@code !(Float.isInfinite(value) || Float.isNaN(value))}.
   *
   * <p>Prefer {@link Float#isFinite(float)} instead.
   *
   * @since 10.0
   */
  @InlineMe(replacement = "Float.isFinite(value)")

As it is very simple, it's relatively intuitive to learn, although the documentation gets somewhat technical at some points.

It is also commonly used for other applications that don't necessarily need a database, user management, or any of the many features that come pre-built in Django. Although many of these features can be added with plug-ins.

   * <p>These functions will never be passed {@code null} and must not under any circumstances
   * return {@code null}. If a value cannot be converted, the function should throw an unchecked
   * exception (typically, but not necessarily, {@link IllegalArgumentException}).
   *
   * <p>The returned converter is serializable if both provided functions are.
   *
   * @since 17.0
   */
  public static <A, B> Converter<A, B> from(

      checkNotNull(element);
      copyIfNecessary();
      if (n == elements.length) {
        sortAndDedup();
        /*
         * sortAndDedup may have made enough room for this element, but that's not necessarily good
         * enough. Consider, for example, the case where we have a buffer of size (n+1), add n
         * distinct elements, and add the last element over again many times over. We don't want a

  public static int compare(double a, double b) {
    return Double.compare(a, b);
  }

  /**
   * Returns {@code true} if {@code value} represents a real number. This is equivalent to, but not
   * necessarily implemented as, {@code !(Double.isInfinite(value) || Double.isNaN(value))}.
   *
   * <p>Prefer {@link Double#isFinite(double)} instead.
   *
   * @since 10.0
   */
  @InlineMe(replacement = "Double.isFinite(value)")