* @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code bytes} has fewer than 2 elements
   */
  @GwtIncompatible // doesn't work
  public static short fromByteArray(byte[] bytes) {
    checkArgument(bytes.length >= BYTES, "array too small: %s < %s", bytes.length, BYTES);
    return fromBytes(bytes[0], bytes[1]);
  }

  /**
   * Returns the {@code short} value whose byte representation is the given 2 bytes, in big-endian

   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code bytes} has fewer than 2 elements
   */
  @GwtIncompatible // doesn't work
  public static short fromByteArray(byte[] bytes) {
    checkArgument(bytes.length >= BYTES, "array too small: %s < %s", bytes.length, BYTES);
    return fromBytes(bytes[0], bytes[1]);
  }

  /**
   * Returns the {@code short} value whose byte representation is the given 2 bytes, in big-endian

    PrimitiveSink sink = mock(PrimitiveSink.class);
    OutputStream out = Funnels.asOutputStream(sink);
    byte[] bytes = {1, 2, 3, 4};
    out.write(255);
    out.write(bytes);
    out.write(bytes, 1, 2);
    verify(sink).putByte((byte) 255);
    verify(sink).putBytes(bytes);
    verify(sink).putBytes(bytes, 1, 2);
  }

  public void testSerialization() {
    assertSame(

            byte[] buffer = createValidCopyChunkResponse(5, 65536, 327680);

            int bytesDecoded = response.decode(buffer, 0, buffer.length);

            assertEquals(12, bytesDecoded); // 3 x 4 bytes = 12 bytes
            assertEquals(5, response.getChunksWritten());
            assertEquals(65536, response.getChunkBytesWritten());
            assertEquals(327680, response.getTotalBytesWritten());
        }

  }

  private static byte[] toByteArray(int... bytes) {
    byte[] realBytes = new byte[bytes.length];
    for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
      realBytes[i] = (byte) bytes[i];
    }
    return realBytes;
  }

  private static void assertWellFormed(int... bytes) {
    assertTrue(Utf8.isWellFormed(toByteArray(bytes)));
  }

  private static void assertNotWellFormed(int... bytes) {

  // performed while the lock is held.

  /** The bytes consumed and acknowledged by the stream. */
  val readBytes: WindowCounter = WindowCounter(id)

  /** The total number of bytes produced by the application. */
  var writeBytesTotal = 0L
    internal set

  /** The total number of bytes permitted to be produced by incoming `WINDOW_UPDATE` frame. */

    @Override
    public void write(int b) {
      sink.putByte((byte) b);
    }

    @Override
    public void write(byte[] bytes) {
      sink.putBytes(bytes);
    }

    @Override
    public void write(byte[] bytes, int off, int len) {
      sink.putBytes(bytes, off, len);
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
      return "Funnels.asOutputStream(" + sink + ")";
    }
  }

    @Override
    public void write(int b) {
      sink.putByte((byte) b);
    }

    @Override
    public void write(byte[] bytes) {
      sink.putBytes(bytes);
    }

    @Override
    public void write(byte[] bytes, int off, int len) {
      sink.putBytes(bytes, off, len);
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
      return "Funnels.asOutputStream(" + sink + ")";
    }
  }

        assertEquals("000", Hexdump.toHexString(data1, 0, 3)); // 3 chars = 1.5 bytes (rounds up to 2)
        assertEquals("0001", Hexdump.toHexString(data1, 0, 4)); // 4 chars = 2 bytes
        assertEquals("000102", Hexdump.toHexString(data1, 0, 6)); // 6 chars = 3 bytes
        assertEquals("00010203", Hexdump.toHexString(data1, 0, 8)); // 8 chars = 4 bytes

        // Test with negative byte values

        // Act
        int written = enc.encode(dst, dstIndex);

        // Assert: reported written bytes matches size() and requested len.
        assertEquals(len, enc.size(), "size() must equal provided length");
        assertEquals(len, written, "encode() must return number of bytes written");

        // Assert: copied region equals the source slice.
        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {