C'est pourquoi, lorsqu'on parle de la version 2.0, il est courant de dire « Swagger », et pour la version 3+ « OpenAPI ».

/// check | A inspiré **FastAPI** à

Adopter et utiliser une norme ouverte pour les spécifications des API, au lieu d'un schéma personnalisé.

Intégrer des outils d'interface utilisateur basés sur des normes :

* [Swagger UI](https://github.com/swagger-api/swagger-ui)

This text was produced by Project Gutenberg www.gutenberg.org,
an organization that produces free electronic books, mostly of
works old enough that they have passed into the public domain.


                            CHAPTER I

                      Down the Rabbit-Hole


  Alice was beginning to get very tired of sitting by her sister
on the bank, and of having nothing to do:  once or twice she had

	expected := false
	if locked != expected {
		t.Errorf("TestDualWriteLockTimedOut(): \nexpected %#v\ngot      %#v", expected, locked)
	}
}

// Test cases below are copied 1 to 1 from sync/rwmutex_test.go (adapted to use LRWMutex)

// Borrowed from rwmutex_test.go
func parallelReader(ctx context.Context, m *LRWMutex, clocked, cunlock, cdone chan bool) {
	if m.GetRLock(ctx, "", "", time.Second) {
		clocked <- true
		<-cunlock

  private var limit = -1L

  /** Type hints scoped to the call stack, manipulated with [withTypeHint]. */
  private val typeHintStack = mutableListOf<Any?>()

  /**
   * The type hint for the current object. Used to pick adapters based on other fields, such as
   * in extensions which have different types depending on their extension ID.
   */
  var typeHint: Any?
    get() = typeHintStack.lastOrNull()
    set(value) {

And that function takes parameters in the same way that *path operation functions* do.

/// tip

You'll see what other "things", apart from functions, can be used as dependencies in the next chapter.

///

Whenever a new request arrives, **FastAPI** will take care of:

* Calling your dependency ("dependable") function with the correct parameters.
* Get the result from your function.

But even if you never use **FastAPI**, you would benefit from learning a bit about them.

/// note

If you are a Python expert, and you already know everything about type hints, skip to the next chapter.

///

## Motivation { #motivation }

Let's start with a simple example:

{* ../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial001_py310.py *}

Calling this program outputs:

```
John Doe
```

/// tip | Astuce

Lorsque vous écrivez le code pour documenter un callback, il peut être utile d’imaginer que vous êtes cette *personne développeuse externe*. Et que vous implémentez actuellement l’*API externe*, pas *votre API*.

Adopter temporairement ce point de vue (celui de la *personne développeuse externe*) peut vous aider à trouver plus évident où placer les paramètres, le modèle Pydantic pour le corps, pour la réponse, etc., pour cette *API externe*.

///

This code is something you can actually use in your application, save the password hashes in your database, etc.

We are going to start from where we left in the previous chapter and increment it.

## About JWT { #about-jwt }

JWT means "JSON Web Tokens".

It's a standard to codify a JSON object in a long dense string without spaces. It looks like this:

```

This text was produced by Project Gutenberg www.gutenberg.org,
an organization that produces free electronic books, mostly of
works old enough that they have passed into the public domain.


                            CHAPTER I

                      Down the Rabbit-Hole


  Alice was beginning to get very tired of sitting by her sister
on the bank, and of having nothing to do:  once or twice she had

    assertThat(decoded.subjectAlternativeNames).isEqualTo(
      Extension(
        id = SUBJECT_ALTERNATIVE_NAME,
        critical = false,
        value =
          listOf(
            Adapters.ANY_VALUE to
              AnyValue(
                tagClass = DerHeader.TAG_CLASS_CONTEXT_SPECIFIC,
                tag = 1L,
                constructed = false,
                length = 16,