import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullMarked;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Unit test for {@link Bytes}.
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 */
@NullMarked
@GwtCompatible
public class BytesTest extends TestCase {
  private static final byte[] EMPTY = {};

import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Iterator;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * A readable source of bytes, such as a file. Unlike an {@link InputStream}, a {@code ByteSource}
 * is not an open, stateful stream for input that can be read and closed. Instead, it is an

des changements rétrocompatibles.

/// tip | Astuce

Le "PATCH" est le dernier chiffre, par exemple, dans `0.2.3`, la version PATCH est `3`.

///

Donc, vous devriez être capable d'épingler une version comme suit :

```txt
fastapi>=0.45.0,<0.46.0
```

Les changements non rétrocompatibles et les nouvelles fonctionnalités sont ajoutés dans les versions "MINOR".

/// tip | Astuce

The **server** program (for example **Uvicorn** via **FastAPI CLI**) is capable of interpreting these headers, and then passing that information to your application.

But for security, as the server doesn't know it is behind a trusted proxy, it won't interpret those headers.

/// note | Technical Details

---

"_If anyone is looking to build a production Python API, I would highly recommend **FastAPI**. It is **beautifully designed**, **simple to use** and **highly scalable**, it has become a **key component** in our API first development strategy and is driving many automations and services such as our Virtual TAC Engineer._"

import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Provides utility methods for working with {@linkplain File files}.
 *
 * <p>{@link java.nio.file.Path} users will find similar utilities in {@link MoreFiles} and the
 * JDK's {@link java.nio.file.Files} class.

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Tests for SimpleGenericBloomFilter and derived BloomFilter views.
 *
 * @author Dimitris Andreou
 */
@NullUnmarked
public class BloomFilterTest extends TestCase {

    In this case, it's a list of `Item` dataclasses.

6. Here we are returning a dictionary that contains `items` which is a list of dataclasses.

    FastAPI is still capable of <abbr title="converting the data to a format that can be transmitted">serializing</abbr> the data to JSON.

7. Here the `response_model` is using a type annotation of a list of `Author` dataclasses.

{* ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial002.py hl[9] *}

Ici, le paramètre `q` sera optionnel, et aura `None` comme valeur par défaut.

/// check | Remarque

On peut voir que **FastAPI** est capable de détecter que le paramètre de chemin `item_id` est un paramètre de chemin et que `q` n'en est pas un, c'est donc un paramètre de requête.

///

/// note

**FastAPI** saura que `q` est optionnel grâce au `=None`.

    val isAndroid: Boolean
      get() = PlatformRegistry.isAndroid

    /** Attempt to match the host runtime to a capable Platform implementation. */
    private fun findPlatform(): Platform = PlatformRegistry.findPlatform()

    /**
     * Returns the concatenation of 8-bit, length prefixed protocol names.