* or an explicit {@link Comparator}. In all cases, this implementation uses {@link
 * Comparable#compareTo} or {@link Comparator#compare} instead of {@link Object#equals} to determine
 * equivalence of instances.
 *
 * <p><b>Warning:</b> The comparison must be <i>consistent with equals</i> as explained by the
 * {@link Comparable} class specification. Otherwise, the resulting multiset will violate the {@link

「Facebook でログイン」「Google でログイン」「GitHub でログイン」「Microsoft でログイン」「X (Twitter) でログイン」するたびに、そのアプリケーションはスコープ付きの OAuth2 を使っています。

この節では、同じスコープ付き OAuth2 を使って、**FastAPI** アプリケーションで認証と認可を管理する方法を見ていきます。

/// warning | 注意

これはやや高度な内容です。はじめたばかりであれば読み飛ばしても構いません。

OAuth2 のスコープは必ずしも必要ではなく、認証と認可は好きなやり方で実装できます。

ただし、スコープ付きの OAuth2 は、API（OpenAPI）や API ドキュメントにきれいに統合できます。

とはいえ、これらのスコープやその他のセキュリティ／認可要件の適用は、必要に応じてコードの中で行う必要があります。

/// tip | Подсказка

Посмотрите, что делает каждая строка, кликнув по номеру рядом со строкой. 👆

///

/// warning | Предупреждение

Всегда используйте **exec-форму** инструкции `CMD`, как описано ниже.

///

#### Используйте `CMD` — exec-форма { #use-cmd-exec-form }

   * element in the underlying multiset and determine which elements satisfy the filter. When a live
   * view is <i>not</i> needed, it may be faster to copy the returned multiset and use the copy.
   *
   * <p><b>Warning:</b> {@code predicate} must be <i>consistent with equals</i>, as documented at
   * {@link Predicate#apply}. Do not provide a predicate such as {@code

   *     (arg1, arg2) -> System.out.println(arg1 + ":" + arg2)
   * }
   *
   * <p>will print:
   *
   * {@snippet :
   * foo1:bar1
   * foo2:bar2
   * }
   *
   * <p><b>Warning:</b> If either supplied stream is a parallel stream, the same correspondence
   * between elements will be made, but the order in which those pairs of elements are passed to the
   * consumer is <i>not</i> defined.
   *

   * Integer#decode} and {@link Integer#toString()}. The returned converter throws {@link
   * NumberFormatException} if the input string is invalid.
   *
   * <p><b>Warning:</b> please see {@link Integer#decode} to understand exactly how strings are
   * parsed. For example, the string {@code "0123"} is treated as <i>octal</i> and converted to the
   * value {@code 83}.
   *
   * @since 16.0

   * element in the underlying multiset and determine which elements satisfy the filter. When a live
   * view is <i>not</i> needed, it may be faster to copy the returned multiset and use the copy.
   *
   * <p><b>Warning:</b> {@code predicate} must be <i>consistent with equals</i>, as documented at
   * {@link Predicate#apply}. Do not provide a predicate such as {@code

import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * A {@link SetMultimap} whose contents will never change, with many other important properties
 * detailed at {@link ImmutableCollection}.
 *
 * <p><b>Warning:</b> As in all {@link SetMultimap}s, do not modify either a key <i>or a value</i>
 * of a {@code ImmutableSetMultimap} in a way that affects its {@link Object#equals} behavior.
 * Undefined behavior and bugs will result.
 *

          } catch (Exception ignored) {
            restoreInterruptIfIsInterruptedException(ignored);
            logger
                .get()
                .log(
                    Level.WARNING,
                    "Error while attempting to shut down the service after failure.",
                    ignored);
          }
          notifyFailed(t);
          // requireNonNull is safe now, just as it was above.

  public void testStringConverterSerialization() {
    SerializableTester.reserializeAndAssert(Doubles.stringConverter());
  }

  public void testToArray() {
    // need explicit type parameter to avoid javac warning!?
    List<Double> none = Arrays.<Double>asList();
    assertThat(Doubles.toArray(none)).isEqualTo(EMPTY);

    List<Double> one = Arrays.asList(1.0);
    assertThat(Doubles.toArray(one)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);