v.add(new DERTaggedObject(true, 3, new DERTaggedObject(true, 0, new DERSequence(new ASN1EncodableVector()))));
        ASN1Sequence seq = new DERSequence(v);

        // Act + Assert
        // Note: The actual error will be from ASN1Util.as() trying to cast to ASN1TaggedObject
        assertThrows(PACDecodingException.class, () -> new KerberosApRequest(seq, null));
    }

    @Test

      }
    }
    return suite;
  }

  @Override
  public void runTest() throws Exception {
    /*
     * Note that we do not run this test under Android at the moment. For Android testing, see
     * AbstractFutureDefaultAtomicHelperTest.
     */

    // First, ensure that our classloaders are initializing the correct helper versions:

    void testMultiChannelInitialization() throws Exception {
        // Test that ChannelManager initializes properly
        assertNotNull(channelManager);
        assertNotNull(channelManager.getChannels());
        // Note: isUseMultiChannel() checks if actual multi-channel is negotiated with server
        // In mock environment, this will be false until we mock successful negotiation

        // Verify load balancer is initialized

   * stream is longer, its extra elements will be ignored.
   *
   * <p>Note that if you are calling {@link Stream#forEach} on the resulting stream, you might want
   * to consider using {@link #forEachPair} instead of this method.
   *
   * <p><b>Performance note:</b> The resulting stream is not <a
   * href="http://gee.cs.oswego.edu/dl/html/StreamParallelGuidance.html">efficiently splittable</a>.

   * elements that exist when the iterator is created, not when {@code skip()} is called.
   *
   * <p>The returned fluent iterable's iterator supports {@code remove()} if the {@code Iterator} of
   * this fluent iterable supports it. Note that it is <i>not</i> possible to delete the last
   * skipped element by immediately calling {@code remove()} on the returned fluent iterable's

```

`app.add_middleware()` は、最初の引数にミドルウェアのクラスを取り、それ以外の追加引数はミドルウェアに渡されます。

## 組み込みミドルウェア { #integrated-middlewares }

**FastAPI** は一般的なユースケースに対応するいくつかのミドルウェアを含んでいます。以下でその使い方を見ていきます。

/// note | 技術詳細

以下の例では、`from starlette.middleware.something import SomethingMiddleware` を使うこともできます。

**FastAPI** は開発者であるあなたの便宜のために `fastapi.middleware` にいくつかのミドルウェアを提供しています。しかし、利用可能なミドルウェアの多くは Starlette から直接提供されています。

///

An error on not-int-const:1 indicates that foo is not an integer constant.
An error on not-num-const:1 indicates that foo is not a number constant.
An error on not-str-lit:1 indicates that foo is not a string literal.
An error on not-signed-int-const:1 indicates that foo is not a signed integer constant.

The line number specifies the name involved. In the example, 1 is foo.

函数参数按如下规则进行识别：

* 如果该参数也在**路径**中声明了，它就是路径参数。
* 如果该参数是（`int`、`float`、`str`、`bool` 等）**单一类型**，它会被当作**查询**参数。
* 如果该参数的类型声明为 **Pydantic 模型**，它会被当作请求**体**。

/// note | 注意

FastAPI 会根据默认值 `= None` 知道 `q` 的值不是必填的。

`str | None` 并不是 FastAPI 用来判断是否必填的依据；是否必填由是否有默认值 `= None` 决定。

但添加这些类型注解可以让你的编辑器提供更好的支持并检测错误。

///

## 不使用 Pydantic { #without-pydantic }

	// is true), you can use the key name in this field as marker in the subsequent
	// request to get next set of objects. Server lists objects in alphabetical
	// order Note: This element is returned only if you have delimiter request parameter
	// specified. If response does not include the NextMaker and it is truncated,
	// you can use the value of the last Key in the response as the marker in the
	// subsequent request to get the next set of object keys.

    public void test_render_escapedCharacters() {
        String markdown = "\\*not italic\\*";
        String result = markdownRenderer.render(markdown);
        // Escaped asterisks should not be converted to italics
        assertFalse(result.contains(""));
    }

    @Test
    public void test_render_strikethrough() {
        // Note: This depends on whether the extension is enabled