app.add_middleware(UnicornMiddleware, some_config="rainbow")
```

`app.add_middleware()` 的第一个参数是中间件的类，其它参数则是要传递给中间件的参数。

## 集成中间件 { #integrated-middlewares }

**FastAPI** 为常见用例提供了一些中间件，下面介绍怎么使用这些中间件。

/// note | 技术细节

以下几个示例中也可以使用 `from starlette.middleware.something import SomethingMiddleware`。

**FastAPI** 在 `fastapi.middleware` 中提供的中间件只是为了方便开发者使用，但绝大多数可用的中间件都直接继承自 Starlette。

///

Arenas allocate large chunks of memory for Go values, so they're likely to
be inefficient for allocating only small amounts of small Go values. They're
best used in bulk, on the order of MiB of memory allocated on each use.

Note that by allowing for this limited form of manual memory allocation
that use-after-free bugs are possible with regular Go values. This package
limits the impact of these use-after-free bugs by preventing reuse of freed

 * HankakuKanaToZenkakuKana normalizer = new HankakuKanaToZenkakuKana();
 * String normalized = normalizer.normalize("ｶﾞｷﾞｸﾞｹﾞｺﾞ", "field");
 * System.out.println(normalized); // Outputs: ガギグゲゴ
 * }
 * </pre>
 *
 * <p>Note: This class assumes that the input string contains valid Hankaku Kana characters
 * and does not perform any validation on the input.</p>
 *
 * @see Normalizer
 */
public class HankakuKanaToZenkakuKana implements Normalizer {

   * serialized with XML 1.0.
   *
   * <p>For SOAP 1.1 messages, see {@code XML_UTF_8} per <a
   * href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/NOTE-SOAP-20000508/">W3C Note on Simple Object Access Protocol
   * (SOAP) 1.1</a>
   *
   * @since 20.0
   */
  public static final MediaType SOAP_XML_UTF_8 = createConstantUtf8(APPLICATION_TYPE, "soap+xml");

 * equals}, {@code hashCode} and {@code compareTo} because instances are expected to be mutated, and
 * so are not useful as collection keys.
 *
 * <p>jsr166e note: This class is targeted to be placed in java.util.concurrent.atomic.
 *
 * @since 1.8
 * @author Doug Lea
 */
@GwtCompatible
final class LongAdder extends Striped64 implements Serializable, LongAddable {

<div class="termy">

```console
$ pip install "fastapi[standard]"

---> 100%
```

</div>

/// note

When you install with `pip install "fastapi[standard]"` it comes with some default optional standard dependencies, including `fastapi-cloud-cli`, which allows you to deploy to [FastAPI Cloud](https://fastapicloud.com).

Например, мы можем итерироваться по нему, чтобы потреблять его содержимое, как и по обычному файлу.

{* ../../docs_src/stream_data/tutorial002_py310.py ln[1:27] hl[3,12:13,25] *}

/// note | Технические детали

Две другие переменные, `image_base64` и `binary_image`, — это изображение, закодированное в Base64, а затем преобразованное в байты, после чего переданное в `io.BytesIO`.

## モデルの属性の宣言 { #declare-model-attributes }

以下のように`Field`をモデルの属性として使用することができます:

{* ../../docs_src/body_fields/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[11:14] *}

`Field`は`Query`や`Path`、`Body`と同じように動作し、全く同様のパラメータなどを持ちます。

/// note | 技術詳細

実際には次に見る`Query`や`Path`などは、共通の`Param`クラスのサブクラスのオブジェクトを作成しますが、それ自体はPydanticの`FieldInfo`クラスのサブクラスです。

また、Pydanticの`Field`は`FieldInfo`のインスタンスも返します。

## Crie um `websocket` { #create-a-websocket }

Em sua aplicação **FastAPI**, crie um `websocket`:

{* ../../docs_src/websockets_/tutorial001_py310.py hl[1,46:47] *}

/// note | Detalhes Técnicos

Você também poderia usar `from starlette.websockets import WebSocket`.

`app.add_middleware()`는 첫 번째 인자로 middleware 클래스를 받고, 그 뒤에는 middleware에 전달할 추가 인자들을 받습니다.

## 통합 middleware { #integrated-middlewares }

**FastAPI**에는 일반적인 사용 사례를 위한 여러 middleware가 포함되어 있습니다. 다음에서 이를 사용하는 방법을 살펴보겠습니다.

/// note | 기술 세부사항

다음 예제에서는 `from starlette.middleware.something import SomethingMiddleware`를 사용해도 됩니다.

**FastAPI**는 개발자 편의를 위해 `fastapi.middleware`에 여러 middleware를 제공하지만, 사용 가능한 대부분의 middleware는 Starlette에서 직접 제공됩니다.

///