/// warning

This is a more or less advanced section. If you are just starting, you can skip it.

You don't necessarily need OAuth2 scopes, and you can handle authentication and authorization however you want.

But OAuth2 with scopes can be nicely integrated into your API (with OpenAPI) and your API docs.

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.Set;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * A skeleton {@code Multimap} implementation, not necessarily in terms of a {@code Map}.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
@GwtCompatible
abstract class AbstractMultimap<K extends @Nullable Object, V extends @Nullable Object>
    implements Multimap<K, V> {
  @Override

 *   <li>Convert between specific preset values using {@link
 *       com.google.common.collect.Maps#asConverter Maps.asConverter}. For example, use this to
 *       create a "fake" converter for a unit test. It is unnecessary (and confusing) to <i>mock</i>
 *       the {@code Converter} type using a mocking framework.
 *   <li>Pass two lambda expressions or method references to the {@link #from from} factory method.

      Graph<N> graph) {
    // ImmutableMap.Builder maintains the order of the elements as inserted, so the map will have
    // whatever ordering the graph's nodes do, so ImmutableSortedMap is unnecessary even if the
    // input nodes are sorted.
    ImmutableMap.Builder<N, GraphConnections<N, Presence>> nodeConnections = ImmutableMap.builder();
    for (N node : graph.nodes()) {

You can see more details in [Starlette's official docs for Background Tasks](https://www.starlette.dev/background/).

## Caveat { #caveat }

If you need to perform heavy background computation and you don't necessarily need it to be run by the same process (for example, you don't need to share memory, variables, etc), you might benefit from using other bigger tools like [Celery](https://docs.celeryq.dev).

### Do

* Ensure that the system executing your microbenchmarks has as little load as possible. Shutdown every process that can cause unnecessary
  runtime jitter. Watch the `Error` column in the benchmark results to see the run-to-run variance.
* Ensure to run enough warmup iterations to get the benchmark into a stable state. If you are unsure, don't change the defaults.

   * leaking resources callers must [close the response body][ResponseBody] or the response.
   *
   * Note that transport-layer success (receiving a HTTP response code, headers and body) does not
   * necessarily indicate application-layer success: `response` may still indicate an unhappy HTTP
   * response code like 404 or 500.
   *
   * @throws IOException if the request could not be executed due to cancellation, a connectivity

      ValueGraph<N, V> graph) {
    // ImmutableMap.Builder maintains the order of the elements as inserted, so the map will have
    // whatever ordering the graph's nodes do, so ImmutableSortedMap is unnecessary even if the
    // input nodes are sorted.
    ImmutableMap.Builder<N, GraphConnections<N, V>> nodeConnections = ImmutableMap.builder();
    for (N node : graph.nodes()) {

   * implementations are permitted to throw IAE if a hole is requested, and we could update
   * test*Hole to permit IAE. (But might this ignore genuine bugs?) But see the TODO above
   * testLower, which could make this all unnecessary
   */
  public static Method[] getHoleMethods() {
    return new Method[] {
      getMethod(NavigableSetNavigationTester.class, "testLowerHole"),
      getMethod(NavigableSetNavigationTester.class, "testFloorHole"),

import static java.lang.Double.NaN;
import static java.lang.Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY;
import static java.math.RoundingMode.CEILING;
import static java.math.RoundingMode.FLOOR;
import static java.math.RoundingMode.UNNECESSARY;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtIncompatible;
import com.google.common.annotations.J2ktIncompatible;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;