```console
$ pip install httpx
```

///

Імпортуйте `TestClient`.

Створіть `TestClient`, передавши йому Ваш застосунок **FastAPI**.

Створюйте функції з іменами, що починаються з `test_` (це стандартна угода для `pytest`).

Використовуйте об'єкт `TestClient` так само як і `httpx`.

Записуйте прості `assert`-вирази зі стандартними виразами Python, які потрібно перевірити (це також стандарт для `pytest`).

  }

  public void testChecksForNull() throws Exception {
    NullPointerTester tester = new NullPointerTester();

    tester.testAllPublicInstanceMethods(new HashingInputStream(Hashing.md5(), buffer));
    tester.testAllPublicStaticMethods(HashingInputStream.class);
    tester.testAllPublicConstructors(HashingInputStream.class);
  }

  }

  public void testChecksForNull() throws Exception {
    NullPointerTester tester = new NullPointerTester();

    tester.testAllPublicInstanceMethods(new HashingInputStream(Hashing.md5(), buffer));
    tester.testAllPublicStaticMethods(HashingInputStream.class);
    tester.testAllPublicConstructors(HashingInputStream.class);
  }

Você pode usar o mesmo `TestClient` para testar WebSockets.

Para isso, você utiliza o `TestClient` dentro de uma instrução `with`, conectando com o WebSocket:

{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002.py hl[27:31] *}

/// note | Nota

Para mais detalhes, confira a documentação do Starlette para <a href="https://www.starlette.io/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions" class="external-link" target="_blank">testar WebSockets</a>.

# Testen mit Ersatz für Abhängigkeiten

## Abhängigkeiten beim Testen überschreiben

Es gibt einige Szenarien, in denen Sie beim Testen möglicherweise eine Abhängigkeit überschreiben möchten.

Sie möchten nicht, dass die ursprüngliche Abhängigkeit ausgeführt wird (und auch keine der möglicherweise vorhandenen Unterabhängigkeiten).

        final DocumentBuilder builder = DocumentBuilderFactoryUtil.newDocumentBuilder();
        final Document doc = DocumentBuilderUtil.parse(builder, ResourceUtil.getResourceAsStream("org/codelibs/core/xml/test1.xml"));
        final Element root = doc.getDocumentElement();
        final String contents = DomUtil.toString(root);
        System.out.println(contents);
    }

  }

  private static HostSpecifier spec(String specifier) {
    return HostSpecifier.fromValid(specifier);
  }

  public void testNulls() {
    NullPointerTester tester = new NullPointerTester();

    tester.testAllPublicStaticMethods(HostSpecifier.class);
    tester.testAllPublicInstanceMethods(HostSpecifier.fromValid("google.com"));
  }

  private void assertGood(String spec) throws ParseException {

///

/// tip

If you want to call `async` functions in your tests apart from sending requests to your FastAPI application (e.g. asynchronous database functions), have a look at the [Async Tests](../advanced/async-tests.md){.internal-link target=_blank} in the advanced tutorial.

///

## Separating tests { #separating-tests }

In a real application, you probably would have your tests in a different file.

		Prefix BatchJobPrefix `yaml:"prefix"`
	}
	tests := []struct {
		name    string
		b       PrefixTemp
		args    args
		want    []string
		wantErr bool
	}{
		{
			name: "test1",
			b:    PrefixTemp{},
			args: args{
				yamlStr: `
prefix: "foo"
`,
			},
			want:    []string{"foo"},
			wantErr: false,
		},
		{
			name: "test2",
			b:    PrefixTemp{},
			args: args{
				yamlStr: `

    NullPointerTester tester = new NullPointerTester();
    // Necessary until JDK15:
    // https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8202469
    tester.ignore(Equivalence.class.getMethod("wrap", Object.class));

    tester.testAllPublicStaticMethods(Equivalence.class);
    tester.testAllPublicInstanceMethods(Equivalence.equals());
    tester.testAllPublicInstanceMethods(Equivalence.identity());
  }