* factory classes like:
 *
 * <pre>
 * interface Book {...}
 * public class Books {
 *   public static Book hardcover(String title) {...}
 *   public static Book paperback(String title) {...}
 * }
 * </pre>
 *
 * <p>And all the created {@code Book} instances can be tested with:
 *
 * <pre>
 * new ClassSanityTester()
 *     .forAllPublicStaticMethods(Books.class)

/**
 * This class generates {@link BeanDesc}.
 * <p>
 * It returns a {@link BeanDesc} that handles the metadata of the specified JavaBeans.
 * </p>
 *
 * <pre>
 * BeanDesc beanDesc = BeanDescFactory.getBeanDesc(Foo.class);
 * </pre>
 * <p>
 * {@link BeanDesc} is cached. To clear the cache, call {@link DisposableUtil#dispose()}.
 * </p>
 *
 * @author higa
 * @see BeanDesc
 * @see DisposableUtil
 */

 *
 * <pre>
 * public class PackageSanityTests extends AbstractPackageSanityTests {}
 * </pre>
 *
 * <p>Note that only top-level classes with either a non-private constructor or a non-private static
 * factory method to construct instances can have their instance methods checked. For example:
 *
 * <pre>
 * public class Address {
 *   private final String city;

 * If the content is cached in a file, it returns a FileInputStream. If the content is cached in memory,
 * it returns a ByteArrayInputStream.
 *
 * <p>Example usage:
 * <pre>
 * {@code
 * // In-memory caching
 * byte[] data = "example data".getBytes();
 * try (ContentCache cache = new ContentCache(data)) {
 *     InputStream inputStream = cache.getInputStream();
 *     // Read from inputStream

  /**
   * How many concurrent calls should be possible to make at any time.
   * The pool will routinely try to pre-emptively open connections to satisfy this minimum.
   * Connections will still be closed if they idle beyond the keep-alive but will be replaced.
   */
  @JvmField val minimumConcurrentCalls: Int = 0,
  /** How long to wait to retry pre-emptive connection attempts that fail. */
  @JvmField val backoffDelayMillis: Long = 60 * 1000,

       - This is unfortunate, because actually it would be safe to declare
       the task as up-to-date, because these two files, which are based on
       the generated index.xml, are outputs, not inputs. We can be sure of
       this because they are deleted in the @BeforeEach method of the
       OsgiTest test class.

       - To enable the benefit of incremental builds, we can ask Gradle

import org.hamcrest.Matcher;

/**
 * @author koichik
 */
public abstract class TestUtil {

    /**
     * 実際の値が期待する{@literal clazz}と等しいかを検証する{@link Matcher}を返します。
     *
     * <pre>assertThat(clazz, is(Xxx.class));</pre>
     * <p>
     * と書くと{@link CoreMatchers#is(Class)}が適用されて{@literal clazz}が {@literal Xxx}
     * のインスタンスかを検証されてしまうのでこれが必要。
     *
     * @param clazz
     *            期待するクラス

     * It is convenient to use a static import for {@link #format(String, Object...)}.
     * </p>
     *
     * <pre>
     * import static org.codelibs.core.log.Logger.format;
     *
     * Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(Xxx.class);
     * logger.log(format("DXXX0000", arg1, arg2, arg3));
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param logMessage
     *            Log message. Must not be {@literal null}.
     */

   * to stop requests. You could poll for lifecycle changes in a work loop:
   *
   * <pre>
   *   public void run() {
   *     while ({@link #isRunning()}) {
   *       // perform a unit of work
   *     }
   *   }
   * </pre>
   *
   * <p>...or you could respond to stop requests by implementing {@link #triggerShutdown()}, which
   * should cause {@link #run()} to return.

/**
 * Tester for {@code Collector} implementations.
 *
 * <p>Example usage:
 *
 * <pre>
 * CollectorTester.of(Collectors.summingInt(Integer::parseInt))
 *     .expectCollects(3, "1", "2")
 *     .expectCollects(10, "1", "4", "3", "2")
 *     .expectCollects(5, "-3", "0", "8");
 * </pre>
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 * @since 21.0 (but since 33.5.0 in the Android flavor)
 */
@GwtCompatible