Certifique-se de criar um [ambiente virtual](../virtual-environments.md){.internal-link target=_blank}, ativá-lo, e então instalar. Por exemplo:

```console
$ pip install python-multipart
```

///

/// note | "Nota"

Isto é suportado desde a versão `0.113.0` do FastAPI. 🤓

///

## Modelos Pydantic para Formulários

   * and {@code intern(a) == intern(b)} if and only if {@code a.equals(b)}. Note that {@code
   * intern(a)} is permitted to return one instance now and a different instance later if the
   * original interned instance was garbage-collected.
   *
   * <p><b>Warning:</b> do not use with mutable objects.
   *
   * @throws NullPointerException if {@code sample} is null
   */
  E intern(E sample);

Para isso, você utiliza o `TestClient` dentro de uma instrução `with`, conectando com o WebSocket:

```Python hl_lines="27-31"
{!../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002.py!}
```

/// note | "Nota"

Para mais detalhes, confira a documentação do Starlette para <a href="https://www.starlette.io/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions" class="external-link" target="_blank">testar WebSockets</a>.

   * Unlike {@link #get}, this method does not throw a checked exception, and thus should only be
   * used in situations where checked exceptions are not thrown by the cache loader.
   *
   * <p>If another call to {@link #get} or {@link #getUnchecked} is currently loading the value for
   * {@code key}, simply waits for that thread to finish and returns its loaded value. Note that

   * {@code initialCapacity} values without resizing. The returned builder is not thread-safe.
   *
   * <p><b>Performance note:</b> When feasible, {@code initialCapacity} should be the exact number
   * of values that will be added, if that knowledge is readily available. It is better to guess a
   * value slightly too high than slightly too low. If the value is not exact, the {@link

   * {@code initialCapacity} values without resizing. The returned builder is not thread-safe.
   *
   * <p><b>Performance note:</b> When feasible, {@code initialCapacity} should be the exact number
   * of values that will be added, if that knowledge is readily available. It is better to guess a
   * value slightly too high than slightly too low. If the value is not exact, the {@link

      olderThan: "7d" # match objects older than this value (e.g. 7d10h31s)
#      createdAfter: "date" # match objects created after "date"
#      createdBefore: "date" # match objects created before "date"

      ## NOTE: tags are not supported when "source" is remote.
      tags:
         - key: "name"
           value: "pick*" # match objects with tag 'name', with all values starting with 'pick'

      metadata:
         - key: "content-type"

Note that due to this extension behavior, AWS SDK's may not support the extension functionality pertaining to replicating versioned deletes.

* It then takes the **response** generated by the application (by some *path operation*).
* It can do something to that **response** or run any needed code.
* Then it returns the **response**.

/// note | "Technical Details"

If you have dependencies with `yield`, the exit code will run *after* the middleware.

If there were any background tasks (documented later), they will run *after* all the middleware.

///

```

기본값 `None`을 `Query(None)`으로 바꿔야 하므로, `Query`의 첫 번째 매개변수는 기본값을 정의하는 것과 같은 목적으로 사용됩니다.

그러므로:

```Python
q: Optional[str] = Query(None)
```

...위 코드는 아래와 동일하게 매개변수를 선택적으로 만듭니다:

```Python
q: Optional[str] = None
```

하지만 명시적으로 쿼리 매개변수를 선언합니다.

/// info | "정보"

FastAPI는 다음 부분에 관심이 있습니다:

```Python
= None
```

또는:

```Python
= Query(None)