// buffer, it is expected that input buffer is page aligned to
// 4K page boundaries. Without passing aligned buffer may cause
// this function to return error.
//
// This code is similar in spirit to io.Copy but it is only to be
// used with DIRECT I/O based file descriptor and it is expected that
// input writer *os.File not a generic io.Writer. Make sure to have

   */
  public double populationCovariance() {
    checkState(count() != 0);
    return sumOfProductsOfDeltas / count();
  }

  /**
   * Returns the sample covariance of the values. The count must be greater than one.
   *
   * <p>This is not guaranteed to return zero when the dataset consists of the same pair of values
   * multiple times, due to numerical errors.
   *

<p>
Slice expressions construct a substring or slice from a string, array, pointer
to array, or slice. There are two variants: a simple form that specifies a low
and high bound, and a full form that also specifies a bound on the capacity.
</p>

<h4>Simple slice expressions</h4>

<p>
The primary expression
</p>

<pre>
a[low : high]
</pre>

<p>

import org.opensearch.search.aggregations.bucket.range.IpRangeAggregationBuilder;
import org.opensearch.search.aggregations.bucket.range.RangeAggregationBuilder;
import org.opensearch.search.aggregations.bucket.sampler.SamplerAggregationBuilder;
import org.opensearch.search.aggregations.bucket.terms.SignificantTermsAggregationBuilder;
import org.opensearch.search.aggregations.bucket.terms.TermsAggregationBuilder;

import org.opensearch.search.aggregations.bucket.range.IpRangeAggregationBuilder;
import org.opensearch.search.aggregations.bucket.range.RangeAggregationBuilder;
import org.opensearch.search.aggregations.bucket.sampler.SamplerAggregationBuilder;
import org.opensearch.search.aggregations.bucket.terms.SignificantTermsAggregationBuilder;
import org.opensearch.search.aggregations.bucket.terms.TermsAggregationBuilder;

import org.opensearch.search.aggregations.bucket.range.IpRangeAggregationBuilder;
import org.opensearch.search.aggregations.bucket.range.RangeAggregationBuilder;
import org.opensearch.search.aggregations.bucket.sampler.SamplerAggregationBuilder;
import org.opensearch.search.aggregations.bucket.terms.SignificantTermsAggregationBuilder;
import org.opensearch.search.aggregations.bucket.terms.TermsAggregationBuilder;

import org.opensearch.search.aggregations.bucket.range.IpRangeAggregationBuilder;
import org.opensearch.search.aggregations.bucket.range.RangeAggregationBuilder;
import org.opensearch.search.aggregations.bucket.sampler.SamplerAggregationBuilder;
import org.opensearch.search.aggregations.bucket.terms.SignificantTermsAggregationBuilder;
import org.opensearch.search.aggregations.bucket.terms.TermsAggregationBuilder;

  }

  @J2ktIncompatible
  @GwtIncompatible // used only from suite
  public abstract static class TestDoubleListGenerator implements TestListGenerator<Double> {
    @Override
    public SampleElements<Double> samples() {
      return new SampleDoubles();
    }

    @Override
    public List<Double> create(Object... elements) {
      Double[] array = new Double[elements.length];
      int i = 0;

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  public void testLog10TrivialOnPowerOfTen() {
    int x = 1000000;
    for (RoundingMode mode : ALL_ROUNDING_MODES) {
      assertEquals(6, IntMath.log10(x, mode));
    }
  }

  // Simple test to cover sqrt(0) for all types and all modes.
  @GwtIncompatible // sqrt
  public void testSqrtZeroAlwaysZero() {
    for (RoundingMode mode : ALL_ROUNDING_MODES) {
      assertEquals(0, IntMath.sqrt(0, mode));