from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.security.tutorial001 import app

client = TestClient(app)


def test_no_token():
    response = client.get("/items")
    assert response.status_code == 401, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"detail": "Not authenticated"}
    assert response.headers["WWW-Authenticate"] == "Bearer"


def test_token():

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.cors.tutorial001 import app


def test_cors():
    client = TestClient(app)
    # Test pre-flight response
    headers = {
        "Origin": "https://localhost.tiangolo.com",
        "Access-Control-Request-Method": "GET",
        "Access-Control-Request-Headers": "X-Example",
    }
    response = client.options("/", headers=headers)
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.path_operation_configuration.tutorial002b import app

client = TestClient(app)


def test_get_items():
    response = client.get("/items/")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == ["Portal gun", "Plumbus"]


def test_get_users():
    response = client.get("/users/")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text

Pour y parvenir, importez `JSONResponse` et renvoyez-y directement votre contenu, en définissant le `status_code` que vous souhaitez :

```Python hl_lines="4 25"
{!../../docs_src/additional_status_codes/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// warning | "Attention"

Lorsque vous renvoyez une `Response` directement, comme dans l'exemple ci-dessus, elle sera renvoyée directement.

Elle ne sera pas sérialisée avec un modèle.

对于这些情况，你可以使用一个`Response`参数。

## 使用 `Response` 参数

你可以在你的*路径操作函数*中声明一个`Response`类型的参数（就像你可以为cookies和头部做的那样）。

然后你可以在这个*临时*响应对象中设置`status_code`。

```Python hl_lines="1  9  12"
{!../../docs_src/response_change_status_code/tutorial001.py!}
```

然后你可以像平常一样返回任何你需要的对象（例如一个`dict`或者一个数据库模型）。如果你声明了一个`response_model`，它仍然会被用来过滤和转换你返回的对象。

**FastAPI**将使用这个临时响应来提取状态码（也包括cookies和头部），并将它们放入包含你返回的值的最终响应中，该响应由任何`response_model`过滤。

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.metadata.tutorial001 import app

client = TestClient(app)


def test_items():
    response = client.get("/items/")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == [{"name": "Katana"}]


def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {

from dirty_equals import IsOneOf
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.behind_a_proxy.tutorial003 import app

client = TestClient(app)


def test_main():
    response = client.get("/app")
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {"message": "Hello World", "root_path": "/api/v1"}


def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.extra_models.tutorial004 import app

client = TestClient(app)


def test_get_items():
    response = client.get("/items/")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == [
        {"name": "Foo", "description": "There comes my hero"},
        {"name": "Red", "description": "It's my aeroplane"},
    ]


def test_openapi_schema():

E então você pode definir o `status_code` neste objeto de retorno temporal.

```Python hl_lines="1  9  12"
{!../../docs_src/response_change_status_code/tutorial001.py!}
```

E então você pode retornar qualquer objeto que você precise, como você faria normalmente (um `dict`, um modelo de banco de dados, etc.).

import os
import shutil

from dirty_equals import IsDict
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.additional_responses.tutorial004 import app

client = TestClient(app)


def test_path_operation():
    response = client.get("/items/foo")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"id": "foo", "value": "there goes my hero"}


def test_path_operation_img():