from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict


class FooBaseModel(BaseModel):
    model_config = ConfigDict(extra="forbid")


class Foo(FooBaseModel):
    pass


app = FastAPI()


@app.post("/")
async def post(
    foo: Union[Foo, None] = None,
):
    return foo


client = TestClient(app)


def test_call_invalid():
    response = client.post("/", json={"foo": {"bar": "baz"}})

**FastAPI** 는 `BackgroundTasks` 개체를 생성하고, 매개 변수로 전달합니다.

## 작업 함수 생성

백그라운드 작업으로 실행할 함수를 정의합니다.

이것은 단순히 매개변수를 받을 수 있는 표준 함수일 뿐입니다.

**FastAPI**는 이것이 `async def` 함수이든, 일반 `def` 함수이든 내부적으로 이를 올바르게 처리합니다.

이 경우, 아래 작업은 파일에 쓰는 함수입니다. (이메일 보내기 시물레이션)

그리고 이 작업은 `async`와 `await`를 사용하지 않으므로 일반 `def` 함수로 선언합니다.

{* ../../docs_src/background_tasks/tutorial001.py hl[6:9] *}

## 백그라운드 작업 추가

//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
// along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

package cmd

import (
	"fmt"
	"maps"
	"sync"
	"sync/atomic"
	"time"

	"github.com/minio/madmin-go/v3"
	"github.com/minio/minio-go/v7"
)

//go:generate msgp -file $GOFILE

// RStat has replication error stats
type RStat struct {

package logger

import (
	"context"
	"errors"
	"sync"
	"time"
)

// LogOnce provides the function type for logger.LogOnceIf() function
type LogOnce func(ctx context.Context, err error, id string, errKind ...any)

type onceErr struct {
	Err   error
	Count int
}

// Holds a map of recently logged errors.
type logOnceType struct {
	IDMap map[string]onceErr
	sync.Mutex
}

//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
// along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

package logger

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"sync"

	"github.com/minio/minio/internal/auth"
)

// Key used for Get/SetReqInfo
type contextKeyType string

const contextLogKey = contextKeyType("miniolog")

// KeyVal - appended to ReqInfo.Tags

class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: str | None = None
    price: float
    tax: float | None = None
    tags: set[str] = set()
    image: Image | None = None


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item):
    results = {"item_id": item_id, "item": item}

    size: float


class ItemV2(BaseModelV2):
    name: str
    description: Union[str, None] = None
    size: float


app = FastAPI()


@app.post("/items/", response_model=ItemV2)
async def create_item(item: Item):

    limit: int = Field(100, gt=0, le=100)
    offset: int = Field(0, ge=0)
    order_by: Literal["created_at", "updated_at"] = "created_at"
    tags: list[str] = []


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(filter_query: Annotated[FilterParams, Query()]):

package schema

import (
	"bytes"
	"context"
	"database/sql"
	"database/sql/driver"
	"encoding/gob"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"math"
	"reflect"
	"strings"
	"sync"
	"time"
)

var serializerMap = sync.Map{}

// RegisterSerializer register serializer
func RegisterSerializer(name string, serializer SerializerInterface) {
	serializerMap.Store(strings.ToLower(name), serializer)
}

// GetSerializer get serializer

// along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

package event

import (
	"fmt"
	"maps"
	"net/http"
	"strings"
	"sync"
)

// Target - lambda target interface
type Target interface {
	ID() TargetID
	IsActive() (bool, error)
	Send(Event) (*http.Response, error)
	Stat() TargetStat
	Close() error
}