Anschließend können Sie den `status_code` in diesem *vorübergehenden* Response-Objekt festlegen.

```Python hl_lines="1  9  12"
{!../../docs_src/response_change_status_code/tutorial001.py!}
```

Und dann können Sie wie gewohnt jedes benötigte Objekt zurückgeben (ein `dict`, ein Datenbankmodell usw.).

import pytest
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from ...utils import needs_pydanticv2


@pytest.fixture(name="client")
def get_client():
    from docs_src.schema_extra_example.tutorial001 import app

    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


@needs_pydanticv2
def test_post_body_example(client: TestClient):
    response = client.put(
        "/items/5",
        json={
            "name": "Foo",

import pytest
from dirty_equals import IsDict
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from ...utils import needs_py310


@pytest.fixture(name="client")
def get_client():
    from docs_src.header_params.tutorial003_an_py310 import app

    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


@needs_py310
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    "path,headers,expected_status,expected_response",
    [

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.handling_errors.tutorial001 import app

client = TestClient(app)


def test_get_item():
    response = client.get("/items/foo")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"item": "The Foo Wrestlers"}


def test_get_item_not_found():
    response = client.get("/items/bar")
    assert response.status_code == 404, response.text

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.query_params_str_validations.tutorial013 import app

client = TestClient(app)


def test_multi_query_values():
    url = "/items/?q=foo&q=bar"
    response = client.get(url)
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"q": ["foo", "bar"]}


def test_query_no_values():
    url = "/items/"
    response = client.get(url)

import pytest
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from ...utils import needs_py310


@pytest.fixture(name="client")
def get_client():
    from docs_src.query_params_str_validations.tutorial014_py310 import app

    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


@needs_py310
def test_hidden_query(client: TestClient):
    response = client.get("/items?hidden_query=somevalue")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text

同様に、このデータベースはPydanticモデル（属性を持つオブジェクト）を受け取らず、`dict`だけを受け取ります。

そのために`jsonable_encoder`を使用することができます。

Pydanticモデルのようなオブジェクトを受け取り、JSON互換版を返します:

```Python hl_lines="5 22"
{!../../docs_src/encoder/tutorial001.py!}
```

この例では、Pydanticモデルを`dict`に、`datetime`を`str`に変換します。

from dirty_equals import IsDict
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.security.tutorial003 import app

client = TestClient(app)


def test_login():
    response = client.post("/token", data={"username": "johndoe", "password": "secret"})
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"access_token": "johndoe", "token_type": "bearer"}


def test_login_incorrect_password():

Angenommen, Sie möchten auf die IP-Adresse/den Host des Clients in Ihrer *Pfadoperation-Funktion* zugreifen.

Dazu müssen Sie direkt auf den Request zugreifen.

```Python hl_lines="1  7-8"
{!../../docs_src/using_request_directly/tutorial001.py!}
```

Durch die Deklaration eines *Pfadoperation-Funktionsparameters*, dessen Typ der `Request` ist, weiß **FastAPI**, dass es den `Request` diesem Parameter übergeben soll.

import pytest
from dirty_equals import IsDict
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.dependencies.tutorial001 import app

client = TestClient(app)


@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    "path,expected_status,expected_response",
    [
        ("/items", 200, {"q": None, "skip": 0, "limit": 100}),
        ("/items?q=foo", 200, {"q": "foo", "skip": 0, "limit": 100}),