有了它，你可以直接与**FastAPI**一起使用 <a href="https://docs.pytest.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">pytest</a>。

## 使用 `TestClient`

/// info | 信息

要使用 `TestClient`，先要安装 <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">`httpx`</a>.

例：`pip install httpx`.

///

导入 `TestClient`.

通过传入你的**FastAPI**应用创建一个 `TestClient` 。

{* ../../docs_src/additional_responses/tutorial001_py39.py hl[18,22] *}

/// note | Nota

Lembre-se que você deve retornar o `JSONResponse` diretamente.

///

/// info | Informação

A chave `model` não é parte do OpenAPI.

O **FastAPI** pegará o modelo do Pydantic, gerará o `JSON Schema`, e adicionará no local correto.

O local correto é:

                        .forPath("/minio/health/ready")//
                        .forPort(port)//
                        .withStartupTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(30)));
        logger.info("Starting {}", IMAGE_NAME);
        minioServer.start();
        logger.info("Started {}", IMAGE_NAME);

        String bucketName = "fess";
        Integer mappedPort = minioServer.getFirstMappedPort();
        Testcontainers.exposeHostPorts(mappedPort);

                            <%-- Message --%>
                            <div>
                                <la:info id="msg" message="true">
                                    <div class="alert alert-info">${msg}</div>
                                </la:info>
                                <la:errors/>
                            </div>
                            <%-- List --%>

import java.util.Properties;

import org.apache.maven.impl.util.Os;
import org.apache.maven.jline.MessageUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;

/**
 * Utility class used to report errors, statistics, application version info, etc.
 *
 */
public final class CLIReportingUtils {
    // CHECKSTYLE_OFF: MagicNumber
    public static final long MB = 1024 * 1024;

    private static final long ONE_SECOND = 1000L;

Если необходимо выполнить частичное обновление, то очень полезно использовать параметр `exclude_unset` в методе `.model_dump()` модели Pydantic.

Например, `item.model_dump(exclude_unset=True)`.

/// info | Информация

В Pydantic v1 метод назывался `.dict()`, в Pydantic v2 он помечен как устаревший (но все еще поддерживается) и переименован в `.model_dump()`.

    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == snapshot(
        {
            "openapi": "3.1.0",
            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
            "paths": {
                "/me": {
                    "get": {
                        "summary": "Read Me",
                        "operationId": "read_me_me_get",

            ftpClient.connect(info.getHost(), info.getPort());
            validateRequest(ftpClient);

            final FtpAuthentication auth = ftpAuthenticationHolder.get(info.toUrl());
            if (auth != null && !ftpClient.login(auth.getUsername(), auth.getPassword())) {
                throw new CrawlerLoginFailureException("Login Failure: " + auth.getUsername() + " for " + info.toUrl());
            }

/*
 [Crawler Notification]
*/
subject: [FESS] Status Change: /*pmb.hostname:orElse('Unknown')*/
>>>
--- Server Info ---
Cluster Name: /*pmb.clustername:orElse('Unknown')*/
Host Name: /*pmb.hostname:orElse('Unknown')*/

--- Status ---

    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    # insert_assert(response.json())
    assert response.json() == {
        "openapi": "3.1.0",
        "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
        "paths": {
            "/items/{item_id}": {
                "put": {
                    "summary": "Update Item",