assertFalse(listener.healthyCalled);
  }

  /**
   * This covers a bug where if a listener was installed that would stop the manager if any service
   * fails and something failed during startup before service.start was called on all the services,
   * then awaitStopped would deadlock due to an IllegalStateException that was thrown when trying to
   * stop the timer(!).
   */

            //
            // If we were to cancel taskFuture, that would let the next task start while the old
            // one is still running.
            //
            // Now, maybe we could tweak our implementation to not start the next task until the
            // callable actually completes. (We could detect completion in our wrapper
            // `AsyncCallable task`.) However, our contract also promises:

      Stopwatch s = Stopwatch.createStarted();
      // here is where you would do something
      total += s.elapsed(NANOSECONDS);
    }
    return total;
  }

  @Benchmark
  long manual(int reps) {
    long total = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < reps; i++) {
      long start = System.nanoTime();
      // here is where you would do something
      total += System.nanoTime() - start;
    }
    return total;
  }

      int result = BigIntegerMath.log2(x, HALF_UP);
      BigInteger x2 = x.pow(2);
      // x^2 < 2^(2 * result + 1), or else we would have rounded up
      assertThat(ZERO.setBit(2 * result + 1)).isGreaterThan(x2);
      // x^2 >= 2^(2 * result - 1), or else we would have rounded down
      assertTrue(result == 0 || ZERO.setBit(2 * result - 1).compareTo(x2) <= 0);
    }
  }

  public void testLog2HalfDown() {

   * equals()} contract.
   *
   * <p><b>Note:</b> this method is now unnecessary and should be treated as deprecated; use {@link
   * java.util.Objects#equals} instead.
   */
  @SuppressWarnings("InlineMeSuggester") // would introduce fully qualified references to Objects
  public static boolean equal(@Nullable Object a, @Nullable Object b) {
    return java.util.Objects.equals(a, b);
  }

  /**

      <releases>
        <!-- That's the boolean POM field we would like to interpolate -->
        <enabled>${releasesEnabled}</enabled>
      </releases>
    </repository>
  </repositories>

  <build>
    <resources>
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
        <!-- That's the boolean POM field we would like to interpolate -->
        <filtering>${filter.resources}</filtering>

class OpenIdConnect(SecurityBase):
    """
    OpenID Connect authentication class. An instance of it would be used as a
    dependency.

    **Warning**: this is only a stub to connect the components with OpenAPI in FastAPI,
    but it doesn't implement the full OpenIdConnect scheme, for example, it doesn't use
    the OpenIDConnect URL. You would need to to subclass it and implement it in your
    code.
    """

    def __init__(

```

</div>

/// tip

With `pwdlib`, you could even configure it to be able to read passwords created by **Django**, a **Flask** security plug-in or many others.

So, you would be able to, for example, share the same data from a Django application in a database with a FastAPI application. Or gradually migrate a Django application using the same database.

# Exceptions - `HTTPException` and `WebSocketException`

These are the exceptions that you can raise to show errors to the client.

When you raise an exception, as would happen with normal Python, the rest of the execution is aborted. This way you can raise these exceptions from anywhere in the code to abort a request and show the error to the client.

You can use:

* `HTTPException`
* `WebSocketException`

public class ExecutionError extends Error {
  /*
   * Ideally, this class would have exposed only constructors that require a non-null cause. See
   * https://github.com/jspecify/jspecify-reference-checker/blob/61aafa4ae52594830cfc2d61c8b113009dbdb045/src/main/java/com/google/jspecify/nullness/NullSpecTransfer.java#L789
   * and https://github.com/jspecify/jspecify/issues/490.
   *