* [Graphene](https://graphene-python.org/)
    * With [starlette-graphene3](https://github.com/ciscorn/starlette-graphene3)

## GraphQL with Strawberry { #graphql-with-strawberry }

If you need or want to work with **GraphQL**, [**Strawberry**](https://strawberry.rocks/) is the **recommended** library as it has the design closest to **FastAPI's** design, it's all based on **type annotations**.

        assertEquals(0, transaction.pad(8)); // Already aligned
        assertEquals(3, transaction.pad(1)); // Need 3 bytes to align to 4
        assertEquals(2, transaction.pad(2)); // Need 2 bytes to align to 4
        assertEquals(1, transaction.pad(3)); // Need 1 byte to align to 4
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test getPadding method")
    void testGetPadding() {

# JSON with Bytes as Base64 { #json-with-bytes-as-base64 }

If your app needs to receive and send JSON data, but you need to include binary data in it, you can encode it as base64.

## Base64 vs Files { #base64-vs-files }

Consider first if you can use [Request Files](../tutorial/request-files.md) for uploading binary data and [Custom Response - FileResponse](./custom-response.md#fileresponse--fileresponse-) for sending binary data, instead of encoding it in JSON.

]
```

These are **JavaScript** objects, not strings, so you can't pass them from Python code directly.

be built using the **Dependency Injection** system. But in fact, there is actually **no need to create "plug-ins"**, as by using dependencies it's possible to declare an infinite number of integrations and interactions that become available to your *path operation functions*.

And dependencies can be created in a very simple and intuitive way that allows you to just import the Python packages you need, and integrate them with your API functions in a couple of lines of code, *literally*....

## Develop and verify

After you make a change, you can run `mvn clean teamcity-configs:generate` to generate and verify the generated TeamCity configuration XMLs.

You also need to run `mvn clean verify` with Java 8 before committing changes.

If you have ktlint errors, you can automatically fix them by running `mvn com.github.gantsign.maven:ktlint-maven-plugin:1.1.1:format`.

/// note

This is supported since FastAPI version `0.115.0`. 🤓

///

## Header Parameters with a Pydantic Model { #header-parameters-with-a-pydantic-model }

Declare the **header parameters** that you need in a **Pydantic model**, and then declare the parameter as `Header`:

{* ../../docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[9:14,18] *}

   * loaded by this test and that will obviously remain loaded for as long as the test is running.
   * So in order to check ClassLoader garbage collection we need to create a new ClassLoader and
   * make it load its own version of FinalizableReferenceQueue. Then we need to interact with that
   * parallel version through reflection in order to exercise the parallel
   * FinalizableReferenceQueue, and then check that the parallel ClassLoader can be

     * <p>
     * The first version in a minor series will never have any preceding versions, so there's no
     * need to fetch tags and examine the repository state in the past. This applies when the
     * version is a release version, a snapshot, or the first alpha version. Subsequent alphas,
     * betas and release candidates need to check the previous prelease tags.
     *
     * @param versionString the version string to check

        withModule<RemoveXmlApisRule>("xalan:xalan")
        withModule<RemoveXmlApisRule>("jaxen:jaxen")

        // We only need "failureaccess" of Guava's dependencies
        applyRule<KeepDependenciesByNameRule>("com.google.guava:guava", setOf("failureaccess"))

        // We only need a few utility classes of this module
        applyRule<DependencyRemovalByNameRule>("jcifs:jcifs", setOf("servlet-api"))