Und diese Modelle teilen alle eine Menge der Daten und verdoppeln Attributnamen und -typen.

Wir könnten es besser machen.

Wir können ein `UserBase`-Modell deklarieren, das als Basis für unsere anderen Modelle dient. Und dann können wir Unterklassen dieses Modells erstellen, die seine Attribute (Typdeklarationen, Validierung usw.) erben.

    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Calling a method on null reference throws NPE")
    void nullReference_throwsNPE() {
        // Arrange
        FileEntry e = null;
        // Act & Assert: demonstrate invalid usage results in NPE
        assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> e.getName());
    }

    @Nested
    @DisplayName("Mockito stubbing for edge cases")
    class MockitoEdgeCases {
        @Test

    checkNonnegative(expectedSize, "expectedSize");
    return new Builder<>(expectedSize);
  }

  static void checkNoConflict(
      boolean safe, String conflictDescription, Object entry1, Object entry2) {
    if (!safe) {
      throw conflictException(conflictDescription, entry1, entry2);
    }
  }

  static IllegalArgumentException conflictException(

  status)
	status_of_proc -p $PID_FILE fess fess && exit 0 || exit $?
    ;;
  restart|force-reload)
	if [ -f "$PID_FILE" ]; then
		$0 stop
		sleep 1
	fi
	$0 start
	;;
  *)
	log_success_msg "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|force-reload|status}"
	exit 1
	;;
esac

请注意，我们正在将 async/await 与新的 `AsyncClient` 一起使用——请求是异步的。

///

/// warning | 警告

如果您的应用程序依赖于生命周期事件， `AsyncClient` 将不会触发这些事件。为了确保它们被触发，请使用 [florimondmanca/asgi-lifespan](https://github.com/florimondmanca/asgi-lifespan#usage) 中的 `LifespanManager` 。

///

## 其他异步函数调用 { #other-asynchronous-function-calls }

由于测试函数现在是异步的，因此除了在测试中向 FastAPI 应用程序发送请求之外，您现在还可以调用（和使用 `await` 等待）其他 `async` 异步函数，就和您在代码中的其他任何地方调用它们的方法一样。

/// tip | 提示

// errSkipFile returned by the fn() for readDirFn() when it needs
// to proceed to next entry.
var errSkipFile = errors.New("skip this file")

var errIgnoreFileContrib = errors.New("ignore this file's contribution toward data-usage")

// errXLBackend XL drive mode requires fresh deployment.
var errXLBackend = errors.New("XL backend requires fresh drive")

// StorageErr represents error generated by xlStorage call.
type StorageErr string

  ':qa:die-with-dignity',
  ':rest-api-spec',
  ':test:fixtures:geoip-fixture',
  ':test:fixtures:krb5kdc-fixture',
  ':test:fixtures:old-elasticsearch',
  ':test:framework',
  ':test:logger-usage',
  ':x-pack:license-tools',
  ':x-pack:plugin',
  ':x-pack:plugin:async-search',
  ':x-pack:plugin:async-search:qa',
  ':x-pack:plugin:async-search:qa:security',
  ':x-pack:plugin:autoscaling:qa:rest',

pkg strings, func IndexByte(string, uint8) int
pkg sync/atomic, func SwapInt32(*int32, int32) int32
pkg sync/atomic, func SwapInt64(*int64, int64) int64
pkg sync/atomic, func SwapPointer(*unsafe.Pointer, unsafe.Pointer) unsafe.Pointer
pkg sync/atomic, func SwapUint32(*uint32, uint32) uint32
pkg sync/atomic, func SwapUint64(*uint64, uint64) uint64
pkg sync/atomic, func SwapUintptr(*uintptr, uintptr) uintptr

@GwtCompatible
final class NullnessCasts {
  /**
   * Accepts a {@code @Nullable T} and returns a plain {@code T}, without performing any check that
   * that conversion is safe.
   *
   * <p>This method is intended to help with usages of type parameters that have {@linkplain
   * ParametricNullness parametric nullness}. If a type parameter instead ranges over only non-null

@GwtCompatible
final class NullnessCasts {
  /**
   * Accepts a {@code @Nullable T} and returns a plain {@code T}, without performing any check that
   * that conversion is safe.
   *
   * <p>This method is intended to help with usages of type parameters that have {@linkplain
   * ParametricNullness parametric nullness}. If a type parameter instead ranges over only non-null