final class Internal {

  /**
   * Returns the number of nanoseconds of the given duration without throwing or overflowing.
   *
   * <p>Instead of throwing {@link ArithmeticException}, this method silently saturates to either
   * {@link Long#MAX_VALUE} or {@link Long#MIN_VALUE}. This behavior can be useful when decomposing
   * a duration in order to call a legacy API which requires a {@code long, TimeUnit} pair.
   */

/**
 * The {@code CycleDetectingLockFactory} creates {@link ReentrantLock} instances and {@link
 * ReentrantReadWriteLock} instances that detect potential deadlock by checking for cycles in lock
 * acquisition order.
 *
 * <p>Potential deadlocks detected when calling the {@code lock()}, {@code lockInterruptibly()}, or
 * {@code tryLock()} methods will result in the execution of the {@link Policy} specified when

    }
  }

  /**
   * A {@link Service} instance that does nothing. This is only useful as a placeholder to ensure
   * that the {@link ServiceManager} functions properly even when it is managing no services.
   *
   * <p>The use of this class is considered an implementation detail of ServiceManager and as such
   * it is excluded from {@link #servicesByState}, {@link #startupTimes}, {@link #toString} and all
   * logging statements.

    expectUnchanged();
  }

  private int aValidIndex() {
    return getList().size() / 2;
  }

  /**
   * Returns the {@link java.lang.reflect.Method} instance for {@link #testSet_null()} so that tests
   * of {@link java.util.Collections#checkedCollection(java.util.Collection, Class)} can suppress it
   * with {@code FeatureSpecificTestSuiteBuilder.suppressing()} until <a

   * System#getProperty(String)}.
   *
   * <p>The value returned by this method is non-null except in rare circumstances:
   *
   * <ul>
   *   <li>{@link #JAVA_EXT_DIRS} was deprecated in Java 8 and removed in Java 9. We have not
   *       confirmed whether it is available under older versions.

 * implementations, except when the table is sparse.
 *
 * <p>Null row keys or column keys are not permitted.
 *
 * <p>This class provides methods involving the underlying array structure, where the array indices
 * correspond to the position of a row or column in the lists of allowed keys and values. See the

* <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/full-stack" class="external-link" target="_blank">https://github.com/tiangolo/full-stack</a>
* <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/full-stack-flask-couchbase" class="external-link" target="_blank">https://github.com/tiangolo/full-stack-flask-couchbase</a>
* <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/full-stack-flask-couchdb" class="external-link" target="_blank">https://github.com/tiangolo/full-stack-flask-couchdb</a>

* <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/full-stack" class="external-link" target="_blank">https://github.com/tiangolo/full-stack</a>
* <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/full-stack-flask-couchbase" class="external-link" target="_blank">https://github.com/tiangolo/full-stack-flask-couchbase</a>
* <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/full-stack-flask-couchdb" class="external-link" target="_blank">https://github.com/tiangolo/full-stack-flask-couchdb</a>

# 在雲端部署 FastAPI

你幾乎可以使用**任何雲端供應商**來部署你的 FastAPI 應用程式。

在大多數情況下，主要的雲端供應商都有部署 FastAPI 的指南。

## 雲端供應商 - 贊助商

一些雲端供應商 ✨ [**贊助 FastAPI**](../help-fastapi.md#sponsor-the-author){.internal-link target=_blank} ✨，這確保了 FastAPI 及其**生態系統**持續健康地**發展**。

這也展現了他們對 FastAPI 和其**社群**（包括你）的真正承諾，他們不僅希望為你提供**優質的服務**，還希望確保你擁有一個**良好且健康的框架**：FastAPI。🙇

 * This interface extends the general {@link Options} interface, adding upgrade-specific configuration options.
 *
 * @since 4.0.0
 */
@Experimental
public interface UpgradeOptions extends Options {
    /**
     * Returns the list of upgrade goals to be executed.
     * These goals can include operations like "check", "dependencies", "plugins", etc.
     *