若想看包含更多功能的完整範例，請參考 <a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/zh-hant/tutorial/">Tutorial - User Guide</a>。

**劇透警告**：教學 - 使用者指南包含：

* 來自不同來源的**參數**宣告：例如 **headers**、**cookies**、**form fields** 和 **files**。
* 如何設定**驗證限制**，如 `maximum_length` 或 `regex`。
* 一個非常強大且易用的 **<dfn title="也稱為：components、resources、providers、services、injectables">依賴注入</dfn>** 系統。
* 安全與驗證，包含支援 **OAuth2** 搭配 **JWT tokens** 與 **HTTP Basic** 驗證。

**Spoiler alert**: the tutorial - user guide includes:

* Declaration of **parameters** from other different places as: **headers**, **cookies**, **form fields** and **files**.
* How to set **validation constraints** as `maximum_length` or `regex`.

* `response_model_exclude_none=True`

如 [Pydantic 文件](https://docs.pydantic.dev/1.10/usage/exporting_models/#modeldict)中對 `exclude_defaults` 與 `exclude_none` 的說明。

///

#### 對於有預設值欄位也有實際值的資料 { #data-with-values-for-fields-with-defaults }

但如果你的資料在模型中對於有預設值的欄位也有實際值，例如 ID 為 `bar` 的項目：

```Python hl_lines="3  5"
{
    "name": "Bar",
    "description": "The bartenders",
    "price": 62,
    "tax": 20.2
}
```

  public ImmutableSortedMap<K, V> descendingMap() {
    // TODO(kevinb): The descendingMap is never actually cached at all. Either:
    //
    // - Cache it, and annotate the field with @LazyInit.
    // - Simplify the code below, and consider eliminating the field (b/287198172), which is also
    //   set by one of the constructors.
    ImmutableSortedMap<K, V> result = descendingMap;
    if (result == null) {
      if (isEmpty()) {

   * values.
   */
  private final transient ImmutableSet<V> emptySet;

  /**
   * An instance created in {@link #readObject} to be returned from {@link #readResolve}. This field
   * is used only by those methods, and it is never set in a "normal" instance.
   *
   * <p>For more background, see {@code ConcurrentHashMultiset.deserializationReplacement}.
   */

* **Machine Learning**: it normally requires lots of "matrix" and "vector" multiplications. Think of a huge spreadsheet with numbers and multiplying all of them together at the same time.
* **Deep Learning**: this is a sub-field of Machine Learning, so, the same applies. It's just that there is not a single spreadsheet of numbers to multiply, but a huge set of them, and in many cases, you use a special processor to build and / or use those models.

		}
	}
	if v == "" {
		if !ctx.Args().Present() || ctx.Args().First() == "help" {
			cli.ShowCommandHelpAndExit(ctx, ctx.Command.Name, 1)
		}
		return ctx.Args()
	}
	return strings.Fields(v)
}

func configCommonToSrvCtx(cf config.ServerConfigCommon, ctxt *serverCtxt) {
	ctxt.RootUser = cf.RootUser
	ctxt.RootPwd = cf.RootPwd

	if cf.Addr != "" {
		ctxt.Addr = cf.Addr
	}

    checkEntry(entry1, "custom-bar", "custom-header", 55)
    val entry2 = hpackReader!!.dynamicTable[readerHeaderTableLength() - 2]!!
    checkEntry(entry2, "custom-baz", "custom-header", 55)

    // Once a header field is decoded and added to the reconstructed header
    // list, it cannot be removed from it. Hence, foo is here.
    assertThat(hpackReader!!.getAndResetHeaderList()).isEqualTo(headerBlock)

			accessKey:          credentials.AccessKey,
			secretKey:          credentials.SecretKey,
			expectedRespStatus: http.StatusBadRequest,
		},
		// Test case - 10.
		// Existent bucket with policy with Version field empty.
		// writing BucketPolicy should fail.
		// should result in 400 StatusBadRequest.
		{
			bucketName:         bucketName,

import com.google.errorprone.annotations.CanIgnoreReturnValue;
import com.google.errorprone.annotations.Keep;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.GenericArrayType;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.lang.reflect.TypeVariable;