{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial001_py39.py hl[2,12,15:18] *}

/// tip | Подсказка

Обратите внимание, что тестирующая функция является обычной `def`, а не асинхронной `async def`.

И вызов клиента также осуществляется без `await`.

Это позволяет вам использовать `pytest` без лишних усложнений.

///

/// note | Технические детали

<details markdown="1">
<summary>Or use <code>async def</code>...</summary>

If your code uses `async` / `await`, use `async def`:

```Python hl_lines="9  14"
from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
async def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
async def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):

Es solo una función estándar que puede recibir parámetros.

Puede ser una función `async def` o una función normal `def`, **FastAPI** sabrá cómo manejarla correctamente.

En este caso, la función de tarea escribirá en un archivo (simulando el envío de un email).

Y como la operación de escritura no usa `async` y `await`, definimos la función con un `def` normal:

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from .utils import needs_py310


def get_client():
    app = FastAPI()
    with pytest.warns(FastAPIDeprecationWarning):

        @app.get("/items/")
        async def read_items(
            q: Annotated[str | None, Query(regex="^fixedquery$")] = None,
        ):
            if q:
                return f"Hello {q}"
            else:
                return "Hello World"

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from inline_snapshot import snapshot

app = FastAPI()

bearer_scheme = HTTPBearer()


@app.get("/", dependencies=[Depends(bearer_scheme)])
async def get_root():
    return {"message": "Hello, World!"}


client = TestClient(app)


def test_get_root():
    response = client.get("/", headers={"Authorization": "Bearer token"})

```Python
contents = myfile.file.read()
```

/// note | Detalhes Técnicos do `async`

Quando você usa os métodos `async`, o **FastAPI** executa os métodos de arquivo em um threadpool e aguarda por eles.

///

/// note | Detalhes Técnicos do Starlette

```java
import org.codelibs.curl.Curl;

Curl.post("https://api.example.com/items")
    .body("{\"name\":\"item1\"}")
    .header("Content-Type", "application/json")
    .execute(
        response -> System.out.println("Async status: " + response.getHttpStatusCode()),
        error -> error.printStackTrace());
```

## API Overview

- `org.codelibs.curl.Curl`: entry point for HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, HEAD, OPTIONS, CONNECT, TRACE).

        return HTTPException(
            status_code=HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
            detail="Not authenticated",
            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
        )

    async def __call__(self, request: Request) -> Optional[str]:
        authorization = request.headers.get("Authorization")
        if not authorization:
            if self.auto_error:

        }
    }

    /**
     * Test implementation of CommonServerMessageBlockResponse
     */
    private static class TestResponse implements CommonServerMessageBlockResponse {
        private boolean async = false;
        private CommonServerMessageBlockResponse nextResponse;
        private boolean received = false;
        private int errorCode = 0;
        private long mid = 0;
        private Long expiration = null;

        """
        return HTTPException(
            status_code=HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
            detail="Not authenticated",
            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
        )

    async def __call__(self, request: Request) -> Optional[str]:
        authorization = request.headers.get("Authorization")
        if not authorization:
            if self.auto_error: