params=[
        pytest.param("tutorial004_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial004_py310", marks=needs_py310),
    ],
)
def get_client(request: pytest.FixtureRequest):
    mod = importlib.import_module(
        f"docs_src.path_operation_advanced_configuration.{request.param}"
    )

    client = TestClient(mod.app)
    client.headers.clear()
    return client

        pytest.param("tutorial008_an_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial008_an_py310", marks=needs_py310),
    ],
)
def get_client(request: pytest.FixtureRequest):
    mod = importlib.import_module(
        f"docs_src.query_params_str_validations.{request.param}"
    )

    client = TestClient(mod.app)
    return client


def test_query_params_str_validations_no_query(client: TestClient):

    params=[
        pytest.param("tutorial015_an_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial015_an_py310", marks=[needs_py310]),
    ],
)
def get_client(request: pytest.FixtureRequest):
    mod = importlib.import_module(
        f"docs_src.query_params_str_validations.{request.param}"
    )

    client = TestClient(mod.app)
    return client


def test_get_random_item(client: TestClient):
    response = client.get("/items")

```

/// note | Detalhes Técnicos

Você também pode usar `from starlette.requests import Request` e `from starlette.responses import JSONResponse`.

**FastAPI** disponibiliza o mesmo `starlette.responses` através do `fastapi.responses` por conveniência ao desenvolvedor. Contudo, a maior parte das respostas disponíveis vem diretamente do Starlette. O mesmo acontece com o `Request`.

///

///

## `HTTPSRedirectMiddleware` { #httpsredirectmiddleware }

Erzwingt, dass alle eingehenden <abbr title="Request – Anfrage: Daten, die der Client zum Server sendet">Requests</abbr> entweder `https` oder `wss` sein müssen.

Alle eingehenden Requests an `http` oder `ws` werden stattdessen an das sichere Schema umgeleitet.

{* ../../docs_src/advanced_middleware/tutorial001_py39.py hl[2,6] *}

/**
 * Resolves the artifact, i.e. download the file when required and attach it to the artifact
 *
 * @since 4.0.0
 */
@Experimental
public interface ArtifactResolver extends Service {

    /**
     * @param request {@link ArtifactResolverRequest}
     * @return {@link ArtifactResolverResult}
     * @throws ArtifactResolverException in case of an error

@pytest.fixture(
    name="client",
    params=[
        pytest.param("tutorial002_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial002_py310", marks=needs_py310),
    ],
)
def get_client(request: pytest.FixtureRequest):
    mod = importlib.import_module(f"docs_src.body_updates.{request.param}")

    client = TestClient(mod.app)
    return client


def test_get(client: TestClient):
    response = client.get("/items/baz")

        pytest.param("tutorial002_an_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial002_an_py310", marks=[needs_py310]),
    ],
)
def get_client(request: pytest.FixtureRequest):
    mod = importlib.import_module(f"docs_src.cookie_param_models.{request.param}")

    client = TestClient(mod.app)
    return client


def test_cookie_param_model(client: TestClient):
    with client as c:

    ],
)
def get_client(request: pytest.FixtureRequest):
    clear_sqlmodel()
    # TODO: remove when updating SQL tutorial to use new lifespan API
    with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True):
        warnings.simplefilter("always")
        mod = importlib.import_module(f"docs_src.sql_databases.{request.param}")
        clear_sqlmodel()
        importlib.reload(mod)

	if !ok {
		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("response writer does not support hijacking. Type is %T", lrw.ResponseWriter)
	}
	return hj.Hijack()
}

// TTFB of the request - this function needs to be called
// when the request is finished to provide accurate data
func (lrw *ResponseRecorder) TTFB() time.Duration {
	if lrw.ttfbBody != 0 {
		return lrw.ttfbBody
	}
	return lrw.ttfbHeader
}