}

  @AfterEach
  fun tearDown() {
    socksProxy.shutdown()
  }

  @Test
  fun proxy() {
    server.enqueue(MockResponse.Builder().body("abc").build())
    server.enqueue(MockResponse.Builder().body("def").build())
    val client =
      clientTestRule.newClientBuilder()
        .proxy(socksProxy.proxy())
        .build()
    val request1 = Request.Builder().url(server.url("/")).build()

from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class FormData(BaseModel):
    username: str
    password: str

    class Config:
        extra = "forbid"


@app.post("/login/")
async def login(data: FormData = Form()):

from typing import Union

from fastapi import FastAPI, Header
from typing_extensions import Annotated

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(
    strange_header: Annotated[
        Union[str, None], Header(convert_underscores=False)
    ] = None,
):

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
```

<details markdown="1">
<summary>또는 <code>async def</code> 사용하기...</summary>

여러분의 코드가 `async` / `await`을 사용한다면, `async def`를 사용하십시오.

```Python hl_lines="9 14"

from fastapi import FastAPI, Query

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(q: str | None = Query(default=..., min_length=3)):
    results = {"items": [{"item_id": "Foo"}, {"item_id": "Bar"}]}
    if q:
        results.update({"q": q})

from typing import List, Union

from fastapi import FastAPI, Query
from typing_extensions import Annotated

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(q: Annotated[Union[List[str], None], Query()] = None):
    query_items = {"q": q}

É apenas uma função padrão que pode receber parâmetros.

Pode ser uma função `async def` ou `def` normal, o **FastAPI** saberá como lidar com isso corretamente.

Nesse caso, a função de tarefa gravará em um arquivo (simulando o envio de um e-mail).

E como a operação de gravação não usa `async` e `await`, definimos a função com `def` normal:

```Python hl_lines="6-9"
{!../../docs_src/background_tasks/tutorial001.py!}
```

It is just a standard function that can receive parameters.

It can be an `async def` or normal `def` function, **FastAPI** will know how to handle it correctly.

In this case, the task function will write to a file (simulating sending an email).

And as the write operation doesn't use `async` and `await`, we define the function with normal `def`:

{* ../../docs_src/background_tasks/tutorial001.py hl[6:9] *}

## Add the background task

from typing import Annotated

from fastapi import FastAPI, Query

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(q: Annotated[str, Query(min_length=3)] = ...):
    results = {"items": [{"item_id": "Foo"}, {"item_id": "Bar"}]}
    if q:
        results.update({"q": q})

from typing_extensions import Annotated

app = FastAPI()


class FormData(BaseModel):
    username: str
    password: str
    model_config = {"extra": "forbid"}


@app.post("/login/")
async def login(data: Annotated[FormData, Form()]):