When you need `lifespan` to run in your tests, you can use the `TestClient` with a `with` statement:

{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial004.py hl[9:15,18,27:28,30:32,41:43] *}


You can read more details about the ["Running lifespan in tests in the official Starlette documentation site."](https://www.starlette.io/lifespan/#running-lifespan-in-tests)

# Custom Response Classes - File, HTML, Redirect, Streaming, etc.

There are several custom response classes you can use to create an instance and return them directly from your *path operations*.

Read more about it in the [FastAPI docs for Custom Response - HTML, Stream, File, others](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/custom-response/).

You can import them directly from `fastapi.responses`:

```python
from fastapi.responses import (
    FileResponse,

        assertEquals("Expected structureSize = 17", exception.getMessage());
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should read valid structure with minimal test")
    void testReadBytesWireFormatBasicStructure() throws Exception {
        // Given - Create a complete SMB2 message with header
        byte[] buffer = new byte[512];

  }

  public void testReadLittleEndian() throws IOException {
    DataInput in = new LittleEndianDataInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(data));

    /* Read in various values in LITTLE ENDIAN FORMAT */
    byte[] b = new byte[2];
    in.readFully(b);
    assertEquals(-100, b[0]);
    assertEquals(100, b[1]);
    assertEquals(true, in.readBoolean());

## Other middlewares { #other-middlewares }

You can later read more about other middlewares in the [Advanced User Guide: Advanced Middleware](../advanced/middleware.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

    }
  }

  /**
   * Returns an unmodifiable view of the specified table. This method allows modules to provide
   * users with "read-only" access to internal tables. Query operations on the returned table "read
   * through" to the specified table, and attempts to modify the returned table, whether direct or
   * via its collection views, result in an {@code UnsupportedOperationException}.
   *

# Templating - `Jinja2Templates`

You can use the `Jinja2Templates` class to render Jinja templates.

Read more about it in the [FastAPI docs for Templates](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/templates/).

You can import it directly from `fastapi.templating`:

```python
from fastapi.templating import Jinja2Templates
```

```

::: fastapi.UploadFile
    options:
        members:
            - file
            - filename
            - size
            - headers
            - content_type
            - read
            - write
            - seek

<c:if test="${osddLink}">
	<link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml"
		href="${fe:url('/osdd')}"
		title="<la:message key="labels.index_osdd_title" />" />
</c:if>
<link href="${fe:url('/css/bootstrap.min.css')}" rel="stylesheet"
	type="text/css" />
<link href="${fe:url('/css/style.css')}" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
<link href="${fe:url('/css/font-awesome.min.css')}" rel="stylesheet"
	type="text/css" />
</head>

<c:if test="${osddLink}">
	<link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml"
		href="${fe:url('/osdd')}"
		title="<la:message key="labels.index_osdd_title" />" />
</c:if>
<link href="${fe:url('/css/bootstrap.min.css')}" rel="stylesheet"
	type="text/css" />
<link href="${fe:url('/css/style.css')}" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
<link href="${fe:url('/css/font-awesome.min.css')}" rel="stylesheet"
	type="text/css" />
</head>