* 0x12131415}.
   *
   * <p>Arguably, it's preferable to use {@link java.nio.ByteBuffer}; that library exposes much more
   * flexibility at little cost in readability.
   *
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code bytes} has fewer than 4 elements
   */
  public static int fromByteArray(byte[] bytes) {

   * input byte array {@code {0x54, 0x32}} would yield the {@code char} value {@code '\\u5432'}.
   *
   * <p>Arguably, it's preferable to use {@link java.nio.ByteBuffer}; that library exposes much more
   * flexibility at little cost in readability.
   *
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code bytes} has fewer than 2 elements
   */
  @GwtIncompatible // doesn't work
  public static char fromByteArray(byte[] bytes) {

  public static <E extends @Nullable Object> CopyOnWriteArrayList<E> newCopyOnWriteArrayList(
      Iterable<? extends E> elements) {
    // We copy elements to an ArrayList first, rather than incurring the
    // quadratic cost of adding them to the COWAL directly.
    Collection<? extends E> elementsCollection =
        (elements instanceof Collection)
            ? (Collection<? extends E>) elements
            : newArrayList(elements);

    // * The element with (index == from) should be kept.
    // * Everything with (index > from) has not been checked yet.

    // Check from the end of the list backwards (minimize expected cost of
    // moving elements when remove() is called). Stop before 'from' because
    // we already know that should be kept.
    for (int n = list.size() - 1; n > from; n--) {
      if (predicate.apply(list.get(n))) {

     * sizing; if the Set uses different equality semantics, it might contain duplicates according
     * to equals(), and we will deduplicate those properly, albeit at some cost in allocations.
     */
    int expectedSize =
        elements instanceof Set ? array.length : estimatedSizeForUnknownDuplication(array.length);
    return fromArrayWithExpectedSize(array, expectedSize);
  }

   * {@code long} value {@code 0x1213141516171819L}.
   *
   * <p>Arguably, it's preferable to use {@link java.nio.ByteBuffer}; that library exposes much more
   * flexibility at little cost in readability.
   *
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code bytes} has fewer than 8 elements
   */
  public static long fromByteArray(byte[] bytes) {

## Changelog since v1.32.2

## Changes by Kind

### API Change

- DRA: CEL expressions using attribute strings exceeded the cost limit because their cost estimation was incomplete. Cost estimation was unnecessarily also computed in the scheduler. ([#129690](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/129690), [@pohly](https://github.com/pohly)) [SIG Node]

### Bug or Regression

## Changelog since v1.27.5

## Changes by Kind

### API Change

- Fixed a bug where CEL expressions in CRD validation rules would incorrectly compute a high estimated cost for functions that return strings, lists or maps.

  // safely publish these objects and we won't need this whole discussion.
  // TODO(user,lukes): consider adding volatile to all these fields since in current known JVMs
  // that should resolve the issue. This comes at the cost of adding more write barriers to the
  // implementations.

  private Futures() {}

  /**
   * Creates a {@code ListenableFuture} which has its value set immediately upon construction. The

    return new MergingIterator<>(iterators, comparator);
  }

  /**
   * An iterator that performs a lazy N-way merge, calculating the next value each time the iterator
   * is polled. This amortizes the sorting cost over the iteration and requires less memory than
   * sorting all elements at once.
   *
   * <p>Retrieving a single element takes approximately O(log(M)) time, where M is the number of