from fastapi import FastAPI, Request

app = FastAPI(
    servers=[
        {"url": "https://stag.example.com", "description": "Staging environment"},
        {"url": "https://prod.example.com", "description": "Production environment"},
    ],
    root_path="/api/v1",
)


@app.get("/app")
def read_main(request: Request):

from fastapi import FastAPI, Request

app = FastAPI(
    servers=[
        {"url": "https://stag.example.com", "description": "Staging environment"},
        {"url": "https://prod.example.com", "description": "Production environment"},
    ],
    root_path="/api/v1",
    root_path_in_servers=False,
)


@app.get("/app")
def read_main(request: Request):

import org.codelibs.fess.app.web.CrudMode;
import org.codelibs.fess.app.web.api.ApiResult;
import org.codelibs.fess.app.web.api.ApiResult.ApiResponse;
import org.codelibs.fess.app.web.api.ApiResult.Status;
import org.codelibs.fess.app.web.api.admin.FessApiAdminAction;
import org.codelibs.fess.opensearch.config.exentity.ScheduledJob;
import org.lastaflute.web.Execute;
import org.lastaflute.web.response.HtmlResponse;

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.advanced_middleware.tutorial001_py39 import app


def test_middleware():
    client = TestClient(app, base_url="https://testserver")
    response = client.get("/")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text

    client = TestClient(app)
    response = client.get("/", follow_redirects=False)
    assert response.status_code == 307, response.text

  @J2ktIncompatible
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  @IgnoreJRERequirement // TODO: b/288085449 - Remove this once we use library-desugaring scents.
  @Beta // TODO: b/288085449 - Remove @Beta after we're sure that Java 8 APIs are safe for Android
  public FakeTicker advance(Duration duration) {
    return advance(duration.toNanos());
  }

  /**
   * Sets the increment applied to the ticker whenever it is queried.
   *

* **Uvicorn**: ein ASGI-Server
    * **Starlette**: (verwendet Uvicorn) ein Web-Mikroframework
        * **FastAPI**: (verwendet Starlette) ein API-Mikroframework mit mehreren zusätzlichen Funktionen zum Erstellen von APIs, mit Datenvalidierung, usw.

* **Uvicorn**:
    * Wird die beste Performanz haben, da außer dem Server selbst nicht viel zusätzlicher Code vorhanden ist.

             the following code:

             <u style="text-decoration-style:solid">from </u><u style="text-decoration-style:solid"><b>main</b></u><u style="text-decoration-style:solid"> import </u><u style="text-decoration-style:solid"><b>app</b></u>

 * governing permissions and limitations under the License.
 */
package org.codelibs.fess.app.web.api.admin.log;

import static org.codelibs.fess.app.web.admin.log.AdminLogAction.getLogFileItems;
import static org.codelibs.fess.app.web.admin.log.AdminLogAction.isLogFilename;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.nio.file.Files;

En el camino de la request, el middleware más externo se ejecuta primero.

En el camino de la response, se ejecuta al final.

Por ejemplo:

```Python
app.add_middleware(MiddlewareA)

from fastapi import FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: str | None = None


app = FastAPI()


@app.post("/items/")
def create_item(item: Item):
    return item


@app.get("/items/")
def read_items() -> list[Item]:
    return [
        Item(
            name="Portal Gun",
            description="Device to travel through the multi-rick-verse",