These types that have internal types are called "**generic**" types. And it's possible to declare them, even with their internal types.

To declare those types and the internal types, you can use the standard Python module `typing`. It exists specifically to support these type hints.

#### Newer versions of Python

Wenn Sie eine zweiminütige Auffrischung benötigen, wie man Python-Typen verwendet (auch wenn Sie FastAPI nicht benutzen), schauen Sie sich das kurze Tutorial an: [Einführung in Python-Typen](python-types.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

Sie schreiben Standard-Python mit Typen:

```Python
from typing import List, Dict
from datetime import date

from pydantic import BaseModel

# ADR-0003 - Avoid introducing Groovy types to public API

## Date

2024-01-12

## Context

Gradle's public API requires equal access from all JVM-based languages.
Kotlin, Groovy, Java, and other JVM-based languages should be able to use the Gradle API without relying on another language's standard library.

Historically, Gradle has shipped with some Groovy types in very prominent APIs.

```

////

## `Union`, oder `anyOf`

Sie können deklarieren, dass eine Response eine <abbr title="Union – Verbund, Einheit‚ Vereinigung: Eines von Mehreren">`Union`</abbr> mehrerer Typen ist, sprich, einer dieser Typen.

Das wird in OpenAPI mit `anyOf` angezeigt.

            is_bytes_sequence_field(field)
            and isinstance(first_field_info, params.File)
            and value_is_sequence(value)
        ):
            # For types
            assert isinstance(value, sequence_types)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
            results: List[Union[bytes, str]] = []

            async def process_fn(
                fn: Callable[[], Coroutine[Any, Any, Any]],
            ) -> None:

```console
$ mkdocs serve --dev-addr 8008
```

///

#### Typer CLI (optional)

The instructions here show you how to use the script at `./scripts/docs.py` with the `python` program directly.

But you can also use <a href="https://typer.tiangolo.com/typer-cli/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Typer CLI</a>, and you will get autocompletion in your terminal for the commands after installing completion.

class SecurityBase(BaseModelWithConfig):
    type_: SecuritySchemeType = Field(alias="type")
    description: Optional[str] = None


class APIKeyIn(Enum):
    query = "query"
    header = "header"
    cookie = "cookie"


class APIKey(SecurityBase):
    type_: SecuritySchemeType = Field(default=SecuritySchemeType.apiKey, alias="type")
    in_: APIKeyIn = Field(alias="in")
    name: str

---

## **Typer**, FastAPI aplikacji konsolowych

<a href="https://typer.tiangolo.com" target="_blank"><img src="https://typer.tiangolo.com/img/logo-margin/logo-margin-vector.svg" style="width: 20%;"></a>

{!> ../../docs_src/body/tutorial001.py!}
```

////

## Erstellen Sie Ihr Datenmodell

Dann deklarieren Sie Ihr Datenmodell als eine Klasse, die von `BaseModel` erbt.

Verwenden Sie Standard-Python-Typen für die Klassenattribute:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="5-9"
{!> ../../docs_src/body/tutorial001_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="7-11"

* `Decimal`:
    * Встроенный в Python `Decimal`.
    * В запросах и ответах обрабатывается так же, как и `float`.
* Вы можете проверить все допустимые типы данных pydantic здесь: <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/concepts/types/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Типы данных Pydantic</a>.

## Пример

Вот пример *операции пути* с параметрами, который демонстрирует некоторые из вышеперечисленных типов.

//// tab | Python 3.8 и выше