```

查询参数的值就是：

* `skip=20`：在 URL 中设定的值
* `limit=10`：使用默认值

## 可选参数

同理，把默认值设为 `None` 即可声明**可选的**查询参数：

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="7"
{!> ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial002_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="9"
{!> ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial002.py!}
```

////

本例中，查询参数 `q` 是可选的，默认值为 `None`。

/// check | "检查"

    "tax": 3.2
}
```

Mas você pode também declarar múltiplos parâmetros de corpo, por exemplo, `item` e `user`:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="20"
{!> ../../docs_src/body_multiple_params/tutorial002_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="22"
{!> ../../docs_src/body_multiple_params/tutorial002.py!}
```

////

```

////

//// tab | Python 3.10+ non-Annotated

/// tip

尽可能选择使用 `Annotated` 的版本。

///

```Python hl_lines="8"
{!> ../../docs_src/header_params/tutorial002_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+ non-Annotated

/// tip

尽可能选择使用 `Annotated` 的版本。

///

```Python hl_lines="10"
{!> ../../docs_src/header_params/tutorial002.py!}

Im Folgenden deklarieren wir ein `UserIn`-Modell; es enthält ein Klartext-Passwort:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="7  9"
{!> ../../docs_src/response_model/tutorial002_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="9  11"
{!> ../../docs_src/response_model/tutorial002.py!}
```

////

/// info

## Parâmetros opcionais

Da mesma forma, você pode declarar parâmetros de consulta opcionais, definindo o valor padrão para `None`:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="7"
{!> ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial002_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="9"
{!> ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial002.py!}
```

////

    "tax": 3.2
}
```

But you can also declare multiple body parameters, e.g. `item` and `user`:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="20"
{!> ../../docs_src/body_multiple_params/tutorial002_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="22"
{!> ../../docs_src/body_multiple_params/tutorial002.py!}
```

////

    "tax": 3.2
}
```

Aber Sie können auch mehrere Body-Parameter deklarieren, z. B. `item` und `user`:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="20"
{!> ../../docs_src/body_multiple_params/tutorial002_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="22"
{!> ../../docs_src/body_multiple_params/tutorial002.py!}
```

////

import os
from pathlib import Path

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from ...utils import needs_py310


@needs_py310
def test():
    from docs_src.background_tasks.tutorial002_py310 import app

    client = TestClient(app)
    log = Path("log.txt")
    if log.is_file():
        os.remove(log)  # pragma: no cover
    response = client.post("/send-notification/******@****.***?q=some-query")

Aynı şekilde, varsayılan değerlerini `None` olarak atayarak isteğe bağlı parametreler tanımlayabilirsiniz:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="7"
{!> ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial002_py310.py!}
```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="9"
{!> ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial002.py!}
```

////

```Python hl_lines="9"
{!> ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial002.py!}
```

////

//// tab | 🐍 3️⃣.1️⃣0️⃣ & 🔛

```Python hl_lines="7"
{!> ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial002_py310.py!}
```

////

👉 💼, 🔢 🔢 `q` 🔜 📦, & 🔜 `None` 🔢.

/// check

👀 👈 **FastAPI** 🙃 🥃 👀 👈 ➡ 🔢 `item_id` ➡ 🔢 & `q` 🚫,, ⚫️ 🔢 🔢.

///

## 🔢 🔢 🆎 🛠️