if v, ok := f.TagSettings["ZEROVALUE"]; ok {
		if _, err := now.Parse(v); err == nil {
			return sql.NullString{String: v, Valid: true}
		}
	}
	return sql.NullString{Valid: false}
}

type SoftDeleteQueryClause struct {
	ZeroValue sql.NullString
	Field     *schema.Field
}

func (sd SoftDeleteQueryClause) Name() string {
	return ""
}

func (sd SoftDeleteQueryClause) Build(clause.Builder) {
}

			t.Errorf("invalid price for product #%v, expects: %v, got %v", idx, value, products2[idx].Price)
		}
	}
}

type Product4 struct {
	gorm.Model
	Name  string
	Code  string
	Price int64
	Owner string
	Item  ProductItem
}

type ProductItem struct {
	gorm.Model
	Code               string
	Product4ID         uint
	AfterFindCallTimes int
}

package stmt_store

import (
	"context"
	"database/sql"
	"math"
	"sync"
	"time"

	"gorm.io/gorm/internal/lru"
)

type Stmt struct {
	*sql.Stmt
	Transaction bool
	prepared    chan struct{}
	prepareErr  error
}

func (stmt *Stmt) Error() error {
	return stmt.prepareErr
}

func (stmt *Stmt) Close() error {
	<-stmt.prepared

	if stmt.Stmt != nil {
		return stmt.Stmt.Close()
	}
	return nil

package clause_test

import (
	"fmt"
	"testing"

	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
)

func TestDelete(t *testing.T) {
	results := []struct {
		Clauses []clause.Interface
		Result  string
		Vars    []interface{}
	}{
		{
			[]clause.Interface{clause.Delete{}, clause.From{}},
			"DELETE FROM `users`", nil,
		},
		{
			[]clause.Interface{clause.Delete{Modifier: "LOW_PRIORITY"}, clause.From{}},

	AssertAssociationCount(t, users[1], "Company", 1, "After other user Delete")
}

func TestBelongsToDefaultValue(t *testing.T) {
	type Org struct {
		ID string
	}
	type BelongsToUser struct {
		OrgID string
		Org   Org `gorm:"default:NULL"`
	}

	tx := DB.Session(&gorm.Session{})
	tx.Config.DisableForeignKeyConstraintWhenMigrating = true

package clause_test

import (
	"fmt"
	"testing"

	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
)

func TestInsert(t *testing.T) {
	results := []struct {
		Clauses []clause.Interface
		Result  string
		Vars    []interface{}
	}{
		{
			[]clause.Interface{clause.Insert{}},
			"INSERT INTO `users`", nil,
		},
		{
			[]clause.Interface{clause.Insert{Modifier: "LOW_PRIORITY"}},
			"INSERT LOW_PRIORITY INTO `users`", nil,
		},
		{

	})
}

func TestJoinsPreload_Issue7013_RelationEmpty(t *testing.T) {
	type (
		Furniture struct {
			gorm.Model
			OwnerID *uint
		}

		Owner struct {
			gorm.Model
			Furnitures []Furniture
			CompanyID  *uint
			Company    Company
		}

		Building struct {
			gorm.Model
			Name    string
			OwnerID *uint
			Owner   Owner
		}
	)

	if embeddedRelations == nil {
		return nil
	}
	names := make([]string, 0, len(embeddedRelations.Relations)+len(embeddedRelations.EmbeddedRelations))
	for _, relation := range embeddedRelations.Relations {
		// skip first struct name
		names = append(names, strings.Join(relation.Field.EmbeddedBindNames[1:], "."))
	}
	for _, relations := range embeddedRelations.EmbeddedRelations {
		names = append(names, embeddedValues(relations)...)
	}

import (
	"fmt"
	"sort"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

type Index struct {
	Name    string
	Class   string // UNIQUE | FULLTEXT | SPATIAL
	Type    string // btree, hash, gist, spgist, gin, and brin
	Where   string
	Comment string
	Option  string        // WITH PARSER parser_name
	Fields  []IndexOption // Note: IndexOption's Field maybe the same
}

type IndexOption struct {
	*Field
	Expression string
	Sort       string // DESC, ASC

			schema.err = fmt.Errorf("invalid embedded struct for %s's field %s, should be struct, but got %v", field.Schema.Name, field.Name, field.FieldType)
		}
	}

	return field
}

// create valuer, setter when parse struct
func (field *Field) setupValuerAndSetter(modelType reflect.Type) {
	// Setup NewValuePool
	field.setupNewValuePool()