Aber FastAPI unterstützt auf die gleiche Weise auch die Verwendung von <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/dataclasses.html" class="external-link" target="_blank">`dataclasses`</a>:

```Python hl_lines="1  7-12  19-20"
{!../../docs_src/dataclasses/tutorial001.py!}
```

FastAPI is built on top of **Pydantic**, and I have been showing you how to use Pydantic models to declare requests and responses.

But FastAPI also supports using <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/dataclasses.html" class="external-link" target="_blank">`dataclasses`</a> the same way:

```Python hl_lines="1  7-12  19-20"
{!../../docs_src/dataclasses/tutorial001.py!}
```

### 🔝-🎚 🈸

🥇, ✍ 👑, 🔝-🎚, **FastAPI** 🈸, & 🚮 *➡ 🛠️*:

```Python hl_lines="3  6-8"
{!../../docs_src/sub_applications/tutorial001.py!}
```

### 🎧-🈸

⤴️, ✍ 👆 🎧-🈸, & 🚮 *➡ 🛠️*.

👉 🎧-🈸 ➕1️⃣ 🐩 FastAPI 🈸, ✋️ 👉 1️⃣ 👈 🔜 "🗻":

```Python hl_lines="11  14-16"
{!../../docs_src/sub_applications/tutorial001.py!}
```

### 🗻 🎧-🈸

* 🗄 `Jinja2Templates`.
* ✍ `templates` 🎚 👈 👆 💪 🏤-⚙️ ⏪.
* 📣 `Request` 🔢 *➡ 🛠️* 👈 🔜 📨 📄.
* ⚙️ `templates` 👆 ✍ ✍ & 📨 `TemplateResponse`, 🚶‍♀️ `request` 1️⃣ 🔑-💲 👫 Jinja2️⃣ "🔑".

```Python hl_lines="4  11  15-18"
{!../../docs_src/templates/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// note

👀 👈 👆 ✔️ 🚶‍♀️ `request` 🍕 🔑-💲 👫 🔑 Jinja2️⃣. , 👆 ✔️ 📣 ⚫️ 👆 *➡ 🛠️*.

///

/// tip

```Python hl_lines="15-23"
{!../../docs_src/schema_extra_example/tutorial001.py!}
```

Essas informações extras serão adicionadas como se encontram no **JSON Schema** de resposta desse modelo e serão usadas na documentação da API.

你可以按如下方式设置它们：

```Python hl_lines="4-6"
{!../../docs_src/metadata/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// tip

您可以在 `description` 字段中编写 Markdown，它将在输出中呈现。

///

通过这样设置，自动 API 文档看起来会像：

<img src="/img/tutorial/metadata/image01.png">

## 标签元数据

### 创建标签元数据

让我们在带有标签的示例中为 `users` 和 `items` 试一下。

创建标签元数据并把它传递给 `openapi_tags` 参数：

```Python hl_lines="3-16  18"

# 📨 🍪

## ⚙️ `Response` 🔢

👆 💪 📣 🔢 🆎 `Response` 👆 *➡ 🛠️ 🔢*.

& ⤴️ 👆 💪 ⚒ 🍪 👈 *🔀* 📨 🎚.

```Python hl_lines="1  8-9"
{!../../docs_src/response_cookies/tutorial002.py!}
```

& ⤴️ 👆 💪 📨 🙆 🎚 👆 💪, 👆 🛎 🔜 ( `dict`, 💽 🏷, ♒️).

& 🚥 👆 📣 `response_model`, ⚫️ 🔜 ⚙️ ⛽ & 🗜 🎚 👆 📨.

**FastAPI** 🔜 ⚙️ 👈 *🔀* 📨 ⚗ 🍪 (🎚 & 👔 📟), & 🔜 🚮 👫 🏁 📨 👈 🔌 💲 👆 📨, ⛽ 🙆 `response_model`.

& ⤴️ **FastAPI** 🔜 🤙 👈 🔐 ↩️ ⏮️ 🔗.

```Python hl_lines="28-29  32"
{!../../docs_src/dependency_testing/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// tip

👆 💪 ⚒ 🔗 🔐 🔗 ⚙️ 🙆 👆 **FastAPI** 🈸.

⏮️ 🔗 💪 ⚙️ *➡ 🛠️ 🔢*, *➡ 🛠️ 👨‍🎨* (🕐❔ 👆 🚫 ⚙️ 📨 💲), `.include_router()` 🤙, ♒️.

FastAPI 🔜 💪 🔐 ⚫️.

///

⤴️ 👆 💪 ⏲ 👆 🔐 (❎ 👫) ⚒ `app.dependency_overrides` 🛁 `dict`:

```Python
app.dependency_overrides = {}
```

# proto-file: devtools/build_cleaner/proto/actions.proto
# proto-message: ActionSpecs

# Python rules should not have more than one source file.
action_spec {
  action: CHECK_FILE_COUNT
  file_count_params {
    rule_selector {
      rule_kind_regex: "^.*py(type)?(_strict)?_(binary|library|test).*$"
      generator_function_regex: "^(?!boq_header)$"
    }
    max_source_count: 1
  }

```Python hl_lines="2  4  8  12  46  64  105  107-115  121-124  128-134  139  153"
{!../../docs_src/security/tutorial005.py!}
```

下面，我们逐步说明修改的代码内容。

## OAuth2 安全方案

第一个修改的地方是，使用两个作用域 `me` 和 `items ` 声明 OAuth2 安全方案。

`scopes` 参数接收**字典**，键是作用域、值是作用域的描述：

```Python hl_lines="62-65"
{!../../docs_src/security/tutorial005.py!}
```