/**
 * Supertype for {@link Graphs}, containing the old signatures of methods whose signatures we've
 * changed. This provides binary compatibility for users who compiled against the old signatures.
 */
@Beta
abstract class GraphsBridgeMethods {

  @SuppressWarnings("PreferredInterfaceType")
  public static <N> Graph<N> transitiveClosure(Graph<N> graph) {
    return Graphs.transitiveClosure(graph);
  }

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.responses import FileResponse
from pydantic import BaseModel


class Item(BaseModel):
    id: str
    value: str


responses = {
    404: {"description": "Item not found"},
    302: {"description": "The item was moved"},
    403: {"description": "Not enough privileges"},
}


app = FastAPI()


@app.get(
    "/items/{item_id}",
    response_model=Item,

from typing import Annotated

from fastapi import FastAPI, Path
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: str | None = None
    price: float
    tax: float | None = None


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(
    item_id: Annotated[int, Path(title="The ID of the item to get", ge=0, le=1000)],
    q: str | None = None,
    item: Item | None = None,

from typing import Annotated

from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI

app = FastAPI()


fake_items_db = [{"item_name": "Foo"}, {"item_name": "Bar"}, {"item_name": "Baz"}]


class CommonQueryParams:
    def __init__(self, q: str | None = None, skip: int = 0, limit: int = 100):
        self.q = q
        self.skip = skip
        self.limit = limit


@app.get("/items/")

import org.testcontainers.containers.MockServerContainer
import org.testcontainers.junit.jupiter.Container
import org.testcontainers.junit.jupiter.Testcontainers

@Testcontainers
@Isolated
class BasicLoomTest {
  @JvmField
  @RegisterExtension
  val platform = PlatformRule()

  // Use mock server so we are strictly testing OkHttp client only in this test.
  // We should test MockWebServer later.
  @Container

import org.dbflute.cbean.result.PagingResultBean;
import org.dbflute.optional.OptionalEntity;

import jakarta.annotation.Resource;

/**
 * Service class for KeyMatch.
 */
public class KeyMatchService extends FessAppService {

    /** The KeyMatch behavior. */
    @Resource
    protected KeyMatchBhv keyMatchBhv;

    /**
     * Default constructor.
     */

import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.SAXNotRecognizedException;
import org.xml.sax.SAXNotSupportedException;

/**
 * Utility class for {@link SAXParser}.
 *
 * @author higa
 */
public abstract class SAXParserFactoryUtil {

    /**
     * Do not instantiate.
     */
    protected SAXParserFactoryUtil() {
    }

    /**

import org.bouncycastle.asn1.ASN1TaggedObject;
import org.bouncycastle.asn1.BERTags;

import jcifs.pac.ASN1Util;
import jcifs.pac.PACDecodingException;

/**
 * Represents a Kerberos authentication token.
 */
public class KerberosToken {

    private KerberosApRequest apRequest;

    /**
     * Constructs a KerberosToken from token bytes.
     *
     * @param token the token bytes

import junit.framework.TestSuite;

/**
 * Tests for SafeTreeMap.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
public class SafeTreeMapTest extends TestCase {
  @AndroidIncompatible // test-suite builders
  public static Test suite() {
    TestSuite suite = new TestSuite();
    suite.addTestSuite(SafeTreeMapTest.class);
    suite.addTest(
        NavigableMapTestSuiteBuilder.using(
                new TestStringSortedMapGenerator() {

但有时，我们也需要直接访问 `Request` 对象。

## `Request` 对象的细节

实际上，**FastAPI** 的底层是 **Starlette**，**FastAPI** 只不过是在  **Starlette** 顶层提供了一些工具，所以能直接使用 Starlette 的  <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`Request`</a> 对象。

但直接从 `Request` 对象提取数据时（例如，读取请求体），**FastAPI** 不会验证、转换和存档数据（为 API 文档使用 OpenAPI）。

不过，仍可以验证、转换与注释（使用 Pydantic 模型的请求体等）其它正常声明的参数。

但在某些特定情况下，还是需要提取 `Request` 对象。