/// info | Información

Ten en cuenta que el `TestClient` recibe datos que pueden ser convertidos a JSON, no modelos de Pydantic.

Si tienes un modelo de Pydantic en tu prueba y quieres enviar sus datos a la aplicación durante las pruebas, puedes usar el `jsonable_encoder` descrito en [Codificador Compatible con JSON](encoder.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

///

/// info | Информация

Обратите внимание, что `TestClient` принимает данные, которые можно конвертировать в JSON, но не модели Pydantic.

Если в Ваших тестах есть модели Pydantic и Вы хотите отправить их в тестируемое приложение, то можете использовать функцию `jsonable_encoder`, описанную на странице [Кодировщик совместимый с JSON](encoder.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

///

    "price": 42.0,
    "tax": 3.2
}
```

하지만, 다중 본문 매개변수 역시 선언할 수 있습니다. 예. `item`과 `user`:

{* ../../docs_src/body_multiple_params/tutorial002.py hl[22] *}

이 경우에, **FastAPI**는 이 함수 안에 한 개 이상의 본문 매개변수(Pydantic 모델인 두 매개변수)가 있다고 알 것입니다.

그래서, 본문의 매개변수 이름을 키(필드 명)로 사용할 수 있고, 다음과 같은 본문을 예측합니다:

```JSON
{
    "item": {
        "name": "Foo",
        "description": "The pretender",
        "price": 42.0,

import pytest
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from inline_snapshot import snapshot
from pydantic import BaseModel

from tests.utils import needs_py310


@pytest.fixture(name="client")
def get_client():
    from enum import Enum

    app = FastAPI()

    class PlatformRole(str, Enum):
        admin = "admin"
        user = "user"

    class OtherRole(str, Enum): ...

from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel, HttpUrl

app = FastAPI()


class Invoice(BaseModel):
    id: str
    title: str | None = None
    customer: str
    total: float


class InvoiceEvent(BaseModel):
    description: str
    paid: bool


class InvoiceEventReceived(BaseModel):
    ok: bool


invoices_callback_router = APIRouter()


@invoices_callback_router.post(

from fastapi.security import (
    OAuth2PasswordBearer,
    OAuth2PasswordRequestForm,
    SecurityScopes,
)
from jwt.exceptions import InvalidTokenError
from pwdlib import PasswordHash
from pydantic import BaseModel, ValidationError

# to get a string like this run:
# openssl rand -hex 32
SECRET_KEY = "09d25e094faa6ca2556c818166b7a9563b93f7099f6f0f4caa6cf63b88e8d3e7"
ALGORITHM = "HS256"

## Anforderungen { #requirements }

Nachdem ich mehrere Alternativen getestet hatte, entschied ich, dass ich <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">**Pydantic**</a> wegen seiner Vorteile verwenden würde.

{* ../../docs_src/openapi_callbacks/tutorial001_py310.py hl[7:11,34:51] *}

/// tip | Tipp

Der Query-Parameter `callback_url` verwendet einen Pydantic-<a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/api/networks/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Url</a>-Typ.

///

from fastapi.exceptions import ResponseValidationError
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from inline_snapshot import snapshot


@pytest.fixture(name="client")
def get_client():
    from pydantic import BaseModel, ValidationInfo, field_validator

    app = FastAPI()

    class ModelB(BaseModel):
        username: str

    class ModelC(ModelB):
        password: str

    class ModelA(BaseModel):

from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, Security
from fastapi.security.open_id_connect_url import OpenIdConnect
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()

oid = OpenIdConnect(openIdConnectUrl="/openid")


class User(BaseModel):
    username: str


def get_current_user(oauth_header: str = Security(oid)):
    user = User(username=oauth_header)
    return user