@Test
    public void test_buildDefaultUrl_emptyProperty() throws Exception {
        // Test that empty property falls back to default
        SamlAuthenticator authenticator = new SamlAuthenticator();

        DynamicProperties systemProperties = ComponentUtil.getSystemProperties();
        try {
            // Set empty base URL
            systemProperties.setProperty("saml.sp.base.url", "");

	{Header: http.Header{"Content-Md5": []string{""}}, ShouldFail: true},                                 // 5 (empty value)
	{Header: http.Header{"Content-Md5": []string{"", "sQqNsWTgdUEFt6mb5y4/5Q=="}}, ShouldFail: true},     // 6 (empty value)
	{Header: http.Header{"Content-Md5": []string{"d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e"}}, ShouldFail: true}, // 7 (content-md5 is invalid b64 / of invalid length)
}

        return input;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the value of the stopword.
     *
     * @return The stopword value, or an empty string if null.
     */
    public String getInputValue() {
        if (input == null) {
            return StringUtil.EMPTY;
        }
        return input;
    }

    /**
     * Checks if the item has been updated.
     *

   * that this always returns {@code false} when {@code target} is {@code NaN}.
   *
   * @param array an array of {@code double} values, possibly empty
   * @param target a primitive {@code double} value
   * @return {@code true} if {@code array[i] == target} for some value of {@code i}
   */
  public static boolean contains(double[] array, double target) {

    }

    /**
     * Test getAnchorSet with empty list
     */
    @Test
    public void test_getAnchorSet_withEmptyList() {
        FessCrawlerThread crawlerThread = new FessCrawlerThread();

        List<String> urls = new ArrayList<>();

        Set<RequestData> result = crawlerThread.getAnchorSet(urls);
        assertNull(result, "getAnchorSet should return null for empty list");
    }

    /**

        paramMap.put("name", "World");

        Object result = scriptEngine.evaluate(template, paramMap);
        assertEquals("Hello World", result);
    }

    // Test evaluate method with empty template
    @Test
    public void test_evaluate_withEmptyTemplate() {
        String template = "";
        Map<String, Object> paramMap = new HashMap<>();
        paramMap.put("key", "value");

        assertEquals(maxResumeKey, SMBUtil.readInt4(buffer, 6));
        // maxBatchSize is stored in the protected field maxDataCount
    }

    @Test
    void testEmptyFilenameHandling() {
        // Test with empty filename
        trans2FindNext2 = new Trans2FindNext2(config, TEST_SID, TEST_RESUME_KEY, "", TEST_BATCH_COUNT, TEST_BATCH_SIZE);

        byte[] buffer = new byte[256];

}

// DeleteMarkerMTime is an embedded type containing time.Time for XML marshal
type DeleteMarkerMTime struct {
	time.Time
}

// MarshalXML encodes expiration date if it is non-zero and encodes
// empty string otherwise
func (t DeleteMarkerMTime) MarshalXML(e *xml.Encoder, startElement xml.StartElement) error {
	if t.IsZero() {
		return nil
	}
	return e.EncodeElement(t.Format(time.RFC3339), startElement)
}

// and options for listing keys.
type ListRequest struct {
	// Prefix is an optional prefix for filtering names.
	// A list operation only returns elements that match
	// this prefix.
	// An empty prefix matches any value.
	Prefix string

	// ContinueAt is the name of the element from where
	// a listing should continue. It allows paginated
	// listings.
	ContinueAt string

     * empty or a partial view?
     *
     * Related: Should methods that do accept a comparator (like fromMapEntries, or like this one if
     * we were to choose to *preserve* an input comparator) return not the generic empty of()
     * instance but instead an empty ImmutableSetMultimap instance with the requested